Seyed Mahdi Sharifi; Mohammad Mahdi Farajian
Abstract
About 65 percent to 90 percent of communication process is done via nonverbal communication and body language. This capability in the human communication has been eliminated in social media and mobile messengers. It means that in these type of media we communicate with in the vicinity of 30 percent of ...
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About 65 percent to 90 percent of communication process is done via nonverbal communication and body language. This capability in the human communication has been eliminated in social media and mobile messengers. It means that in these type of media we communicate with in the vicinity of 30 percent of our communication capability. Moreover in the past written messages did not write on time and people could write, check and send the messages deliberately. Thay had enough time to write and edit their messages. On the other side receiver had enough time to read it carefully. But using messenger we have instant chat that can cause lots of misunderstandings because of using inappropriate words in pressed time. In this paper using questionnaire the experience of 355 of people has been investigated. Data has been analysed with SPSS software and using T-test method and Nanly Spectrum.The result tells us there is a meaningful relationship between eliminating nonverbal communication and instant messages with some misunderstandings in mobile messengers.
Alireza Ketabdar; Younes Shokrkhah; Zahra Kharazi Azar
Abstract
The basic question of this article is that what is the difference between online journalists, print and Radio&TV journalists in terms of amount and manner to use Smartphone Tools? Accordingly, in the framework of the survey method and using the tools of the Iranian Journalists' Questionnaire, a statistical ...
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The basic question of this article is that what is the difference between online journalists, print and Radio&TV journalists in terms of amount and manner to use Smartphone Tools? Accordingly, in the framework of the survey method and using the tools of the Iranian Journalists' Questionnaire, a statistical analysis of two comparative hypotheses is to be tested: (1) There is a difference between the three groups of online journalists, print journalists and Radio&TV journalists in the "amount" of using Smartphone and (2) there is difference between the three groups of online journalists, print and Radio&TV journalists in the "manner" of using Smartphones. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the "amount" of print and Radio&TV journalists' use of Smartphones, but the amount of online journalists using Smartphones is higher than others. It was also concluded about the "manner" of use. The dominant use of online and print media from Smartphones was "networking" usage and the dominant use of Radio&TV journalists was "communicative" usage.
roya rasouli; Sima Ghazvini; Simin Hoseinian
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compar marital commitment and sexual satisfaction among married women Spectater and not- Spectater Persian-language satellite series The method of this study was causal-comparative and statical population includes all the married women in Khomein city. Samples selected through ...
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The aim of this study was to compar marital commitment and sexual satisfaction among married women Spectater and not- Spectater Persian-language satellite series The method of this study was causal-comparative and statical population includes all the married women in Khomein city. Samples selected through snowball sampling method. The samples consisted of 50 married women Spectater Persian-language satellite serials and 50 married women non- Spectater Persian-language satellite series. Instruments were marital commitment questioner (Adams and Jones), Sexual satisfaction questioner (Hudson, Harrison and Krvskap). Data were analyzed using independent t-test. The results showed that the marital commitment of 1 group is less than 2 group. Average personal commitment and moral commitment significantly of 1 group was more than 2 group, But the commitment of structural differences between the two groups was not observed. The significant difference between the two groups in sexual satisfaction were not observed. Therefore, it is nececery to increasing family awareness about effects of these pograms and be promoted sensitivity threshold against therates that are in these series.
Abdollah Bicharanlou; Hamed Talebian; Sarah Zandevakili
Abstract
This study attempted to understand the features and factors associated with representation of privacy among the Facebook users and its cultural consequences. To achieve this goal, first, we studied the cultural and semantic perceptions of the users about the concept of privacy in order to provide a basis ...
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This study attempted to understand the features and factors associated with representation of privacy among the Facebook users and its cultural consequences. To achieve this goal, first, we studied the cultural and semantic perceptions of the users about the concept of privacy in order to provide a basis for the study of representation, concealment and protection of privacy among the users. In order to understand cultural patterns, we used virtual ethnography. Through the fieldwork we performed online and offline ethnographical interviews with 21 active Facebook users in different intervals. The findings of this study indicated a core feature to be the diversity of the cultural definitions of the users of the concept of privacy. It is based on two factors of “tendency to represent” and “tendency to hide”. The synonyms of these concepts in social interactions are “tendency to view” and “tendency to review”.
Maryam moghimi; hadi khaniki; Seyyed Ali asghar Soltani
Abstract
The leading article has been written with the aim of analyzing the critical discourse of women's hatred against women on the pages of female users on Instagram. Based on this, referring to Glirdoneh's views in the field of combating internet hatred, the critical discourse of the pages of four female ...
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The leading article has been written with the aim of analyzing the critical discourse of women's hatred against women on the pages of female users on Instagram. Based on this, referring to Glirdoneh's views in the field of combating internet hatred, the critical discourse of the pages of four female users active in the field of women was analyzed. To this end, according to Theon E.'s discourse analysis approach, Vandik was considered a special work for recording and extracting information from the text of selected news. The results show that the analysis of the examined posts indicates three types of violence: Against discrimination and patriarchy, against the institution of the family and the traditional role of women, and finally redemption towards feminist and modern values through the lens of destruction, and against traditional values and the attempt to break the cage of traditions. In the overall result of the study of the discourse of the studied pages, it was found that the central signifier is the sum of the studied posts. In the discourse order, female identity is "social". Women must be present in society. The presence of women in society leads to female awareness. Gender equality will occur. Other peripheral signs such as "denial of collectivism", "sexual relations" and "gender equality" form the discourse of female users in the discourse of female identity. This discourse also implies others for itself, often in the form of petrified identities. This discourse also considers Others in the form of patriarchy, inhumanity, sexual dysfunction, polygamy, historical discrimination, etc.
Seyyed Rouhollah Hadj Zargarbashi; Ehsan Movahhedian
Abstract
The subject of this article is “U.S Cyber Diplomacy Influence on Viewpoint of Iranian Users of Cyberspace(Case Study: USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage)”. Nowadays, using Internet and social networks to advance foreign policy goals and national interests, has become one of the most important ...
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The subject of this article is “U.S Cyber Diplomacy Influence on Viewpoint of Iranian Users of Cyberspace(Case Study: USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage)”. Nowadays, using Internet and social networks to advance foreign policy goals and national interests, has become one of the most important issues. From 40’s and during World War II, U.S government tried to implement various cultural programs, stuent exchange programs, and use publications, the media and movies to convince residents of different countries about its foreign policy goals, and it became known as public diplomacy. Considering Iran’s high stance in U.S foreign policy, United States Department of State implemented various cyber diplomacy projects to influence Iranians public opinion that include launching USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage. In this thesis, the Author tried to answer one key question concerning this important strategy within US foreign policy system: What is the Influence of USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage, as a tool of U.S Cyber Diplomacy, on Viewpoint of Iranian Users of Cyberspace? For this purpose, qualitative content analysis of USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage and sending questionnaires to its users and other Iranian users of Internet has been used. The hypothesis is that, comparing to Iranian Internet users who do not read USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage content, the USA Dar Farsi Facebook Webpage users are more influenced by cyber diplomacy content and messages and this leads to negative attitude towards Iranian society.
Seyedeh Zahra Ojagh; Seyed Rasoul Mirzaei Mousavi
Abstract
The present survey has been done for studying member’s communicative actions in Telegram virtual teams due to the way of impression management by using self -face work. Haberma’s communicative action and Goffman’s Impression management has been used as theoretical combination for this ...
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The present survey has been done for studying member’s communicative actions in Telegram virtual teams due to the way of impression management by using self -face work. Haberma’s communicative action and Goffman’s Impression management has been used as theoretical combination for this purpose. According to the specific characteristic of text messages in Telegram, linguistic analysis is an approach of research method. Approximately 10 thousand members from 20 Telegram groups as Art, Science and Sport will be evaluated in this survey. Results indicate significant presence of goal-oriented action in these groups. Telegram provides an opportunity for presence and making groups, but subordinating connections is more than dialogical relations and interactions. Members represent selves by confirming and accepting of messages, without criticizing and opposing. Furthermore, results show that supportive norm has appeared by new concept in these groups which members are using as positive face work, improving positive communication and meaningful impression management.
mahdokht borojerdi; seyed hassan ilali
Abstract
Abstract Social networks are an important factor for social changes and appropriate tool for culture making. Virtual communication facilitates the political, social, and cultural relations of users by establishing communication autonomy from mainstream media and consequently, it causes more flexibility ...
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Abstract Social networks are an important factor for social changes and appropriate tool for culture making. Virtual communication facilitates the political, social, and cultural relations of users by establishing communication autonomy from mainstream media and consequently, it causes more flexibility and cultural adaptation of communication. These networks, due to the diversity and variety, provide requirements for improving the user's media literacy as a smart citizen. This qualitative research was carried out with the aim of investigating the impacts and consequences of the Iranian virtual life with the thematic analysis method. The research findings were obtained with documentary studies and by interviewing 25 people from experts and active users. At first the purposive or judgment sampling was used and then snowball sampling method was used. The MAXQDA software was used to draw thematic network model. Impacts of Iranians virtual life are communication capability, collective self-sufficiency, and online social and political reform, formation and strengthening of the public sphere, innovation, entrepreneurship and economic capacity. The negative consequences of Iranians virtual life are Psychological and social damage, social despotism, the production and distribution of superficial and popular content, fluid and unstable life style and identity conflict. The Iranians virtual life goes through their transition. Achieve positive effects unexpected in the transitional conditions. Therefore, promoting media literacy and removing public and private constraints is a strategy for reform and improving Iranians virtual life.
Mohammad Saeed Zokaei; Matin Azizi Hamedani
Abstract
The rapid development of ICTs in the early 21st century has brought about dramatic changes in the youths’ personal and social identifications. Spending long hours in virtual spaces consuming popular culture news and products (in this case Korean pop music), while providing the youth with a huge ...
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The rapid development of ICTs in the early 21st century has brought about dramatic changes in the youths’ personal and social identifications. Spending long hours in virtual spaces consuming popular culture news and products (in this case Korean pop music), while providing the youth with a huge amount of information and entertainment, also provides them with unique experiences through which they can express themselves. Drawing on a cyber-ethnography of the fans of Korean popular culture in Iran, this paper aims to show the impacts this virtual fandom poses to young adolescents and to show how the cultural products consumed in this environment help create a global-local identity. The results suggest that this fandom culture has differentiating, complementary and compensatory functions and in a complex way helps strengthen cosmopolitan identities among the Iranian youths.
Mohammad Mahdi Mowlaei; Hamed Talebian; Hamid Abedi
Abstract
In this article, we will present some scenarios for Iran’s cyberspace issues in 1395sh (equal 20 March 2016 – 20 March 2017 in Gregorian calendar). Scanning of Iran’s environment, showed 195 variables have higher priority than average. These variables are recognized by gathering data ...
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In this article, we will present some scenarios for Iran’s cyberspace issues in 1395sh (equal 20 March 2016 – 20 March 2017 in Gregorian calendar). Scanning of Iran’s environment, showed 195 variables have higher priority than average. These variables are recognized by gathering data from different methods and getting expert viewpoints in various fields, in '1395sh Iran’ Futures Studies’ project. Among them there are seven variables defined in cyberspace and some other variables set in relation with cyberspace. In this article, we constructed seven hypotheses for Iran, based on seven key variables and other related variables, then, probabilistic cross impact analysis method is used to create scenarios. To do so, we measured the occurrence probability of each hypothesis by expert opinion firstly, and we estimate the cross impact of each hypothesis on others in the condition of occurrence or failure secondly, until conditional probability matrixes are formed. To analysis of data, ‘Smic-Prob Expert’ software which is a tool in French school of strategic foresight (La Prospective) is used. 64 possible scenarios for Iran’s cyberspace along with occurrence probability of each are estimated with software. The Findings indicate that scenarios based on status quo with the most probabilities do not draw a desirable future for Iran’s cyberspace in forthcoming year.
maryam salimi; Mohammad Soltanifar; Afsaneh Mozaffari; Younes Shokrkhah
Abstract
The growing rates of data and the need to use them and the competition to meet the consumers’ needs has driven media towards “Data Journalism”. If its role and significance is understood adequately, it can be used more widely across Iranian media as well. The present research has been ...
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The growing rates of data and the need to use them and the competition to meet the consumers’ needs has driven media towards “Data Journalism”. If its role and significance is understood adequately, it can be used more widely across Iranian media as well. The present research has been conducted aiming to study the role of data journalism in online media and is based on the theory of “Uses and Gratifications”, “Expectation-Utility” and “the Theory of Public Spheres”.Six main issues were studied including the role of data journalism in online media, the definition of data journalism, its future and works related to it, the role of Big Data in the future of data journalism and the media’s interest in utilizing it.The method of study is in-depth interview with 103 data journalism experts. According to the results, the experts have pointed out 11 roles of data journalism including “Journalistic”,“facilitation of interaction of the audience”, “achieving democracy” and “building credibility” roles and have emphasized that considering the tendency in other media to use data journalism, online media has gained more success in doing so. The future of data journalism is deemed positive and expanding and the role of big data is also brought to attention. Supporting the interests of the audience and media, influencing governments and aiding their interactions have been some of data journalism effects. According to the results, data journalism can help the media play its critical role, gain the audience's gratification and help to revive the public sphere.
Farnam Moradi Nejad; marzieh piravi vanak; Ahmad Alasti
Abstract
The definition of cult movies as "sometimes deserted films which have so –called serious fans and followers who never forget their beloved bed-movie during the time and Repeatedly discuss about it and feel joy by frequent viewing", is one the accepted definition in context of cinematic studies ...
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The definition of cult movies as "sometimes deserted films which have so –called serious fans and followers who never forget their beloved bed-movie during the time and Repeatedly discuss about it and feel joy by frequent viewing", is one the accepted definition in context of cinematic studies and history. This research paper investigates the issue of precise recognition of behavioral /identical characteristics of statistical society of level A(N=54) who are individuals that introduce themselves as a fan or cultist of five Iranian selected cult movies during four years through social networks. Through the research and by using an analytical/surveying method as the first phase of recognition, basically the influence coefficient of ((cult)) and ((blockbuster)) terms in two statistical sets of mass people of two Iranian metropolis Isfahan and Tehran (C level-N=203) and students of cinema and other artistic disciplines in different colleges and art schools in cities like Isfahan Art and Culture University, Yazd Art and Culture university,Payame-noor-University.Iranian Young Cinema Society, Tehran Radio and Television Art school (B level-N=115) determined and it was found that we can't find the cult movie's cultist haphazardly. By questioning about identical/individual/ecological/behavioral characteristics of this set ,research foundlings can be summarized :the dominant cluster of cultists of this five selected Iranian cult movies are masculine ,mid-ages ,high-educated ,secluded person who are familiar with cult term and the main reason of their cultist acts refers to first their judgment about directorship/formal and stylistic aspects and particularly the script /narrative/subtexts/dialogues and then self-identification t and other reasons
esmaeil aalizad; Nazgol Ebrahim Tari
Abstract
Public sphere is the real field of emergence and continuity of social communications, institutions, and civil associations. Mass Medias, especially virtual social networks. Are among social phenomena which have close relationship with public sphere. In contemporary world, the result of the activities ...
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Public sphere is the real field of emergence and continuity of social communications, institutions, and civil associations. Mass Medias, especially virtual social networks. Are among social phenomena which have close relationship with public sphere. In contemporary world, the result of the activities and experiences of the members of a society in virtual social networks, as a social determinant, can change the domain of the public sphere. This research concentrates on this relation, and in other word, it is a probe to answer the question that “can the virtual social networks strengthen the ability of social actors on non-virtual public sphere?” This research is applied, quantitative and explanatory, the logic of it is deduction, and its method is survey. The theoretical focus of the research is on the ideas of Hannah Arendt, Jurgen Habermas and recent standpoints in the field of public sphere and media. Studied population are students of Tehran universities in 2015-16. Sampling population of this research are 310 students and the sampling method is multi- instance probability. These two statement are the most important empirical findings of the research: First, the membership in few virtual social networks or too many of them doesn’t have any determinant role in the quantity of activity in non-virtual public sphere (civil associations). Second, activity in non-virtual public sphere decreases along with the increasing in the quantity of student’s activity in virtual social networks.
seyed nour aldin razavizadeh; Parvaneh Abdolmaleki
Abstract
The Internet and virtual space are significant parts of our lives and have greatly altered human relationships. Theoretical Framework of This research is based on the Use and Gratification theory. The basic assumption of use and Gratification theory is that audiences are more or less actively looking ...
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The Internet and virtual space are significant parts of our lives and have greatly altered human relationships. Theoretical Framework of This research is based on the Use and Gratification theory. The basic assumption of use and Gratification theory is that audiences are more or less actively looking for content that provides the most satisfaction. According to this theory, the tendency towards virtual space goes back to the social and psychological roots of individuals and their needs. This research mainly focuses on the psychological factors affecting the tendency to virtual space. The present study seeks to investigate the role of psychological factors (loneliness, social anxiety and communication needs) on students' tendency to virtual space. In this study, the survey method was used to achieve the research objectives. The statistical population of this study includes the students of Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, and 380 students were selected using Cochran's sample size formula. The results showed that there is a correlation between feelings of loneliness, social anxiety and communication needs and tendency to Virtual Space. Regression analysis revealed that two variables (feelings of loneliness and communication needs) remained in the model and explained 58% of the dependent variable changes.
Usef Ramezani; Mohsen Rajabzadeh; mahnaz raoof
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the willingness to share knowledge in social networks. This research is applied research. The statistical population of the study consisted of postgraduate students of higher education institutes in Mashhad who were selected through the ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the willingness to share knowledge in social networks. This research is applied research. The statistical population of the study consisted of postgraduate students of higher education institutes in Mashhad who were selected through the non-probability sampling method. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods and structural equations "SEM" in Smart PLS software. According to the results, interactive factors, pleasure in helping others, trust, perceived usefulness, ease of use Perceived, and adaptation have a positive and significant effect on attitude toward knowledge sharing, and organization of effort has a negative effect on attitude toward knowledge sharing. Knowledge automation does not affect attitudes toward knowledge sharing. Also, the influence of coworkers on the subjective norm of users has a significant positive effect on knowledge sharing. Knowledge automation factors, perceived ease of use, and accessibility of resources have a significant and positive effect on users' perceived behavioral control over knowledge sharing, as well as an attitude toward knowledge sharing, perceived behavioral control of knowledge sharing has a tendency to share knowledge in Social networks have no effect and subjective norms about knowledge sharing have a positive and significant effect on the willingness to share knowledge in social networks.
Ehsan Majidifard; Atiyeh Kamyabi Gol; Amin Majidifard
Abstract
Identity is defined through the comparison of oneself to the other and it is rooted in human beings' need to be different and distinguished from others. From a post-structualist viewpoint, identity is plural, dynamic and multi-dimensional and both individual and collective identities can be portrayed ...
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Identity is defined through the comparison of oneself to the other and it is rooted in human beings' need to be different and distinguished from others. From a post-structualist viewpoint, identity is plural, dynamic and multi-dimensional and both individual and collective identities can be portrayed through various medias. Social media, as the most prominent phenomenon of our era, not only provides a unique opportunity for people to share their thoughts and feelings, but also affects their lifestyles and worldviews. The present study, a qualitative analysis of big data, probes the discourse behind the representation of Iranian national identity in social media and specifically twitter. By probing the tweets, the study shows the discourses in which Iranians represent their identity. To find out the way Iranian twitter users redefine themselves and their national identity in their tweets, 6000 tweets were compiled in a 40-days period and were categorized based on their common features. Utilizing the discourse analysis and thematic analysis, the six elicited themes were categorized which include other-oreintation, self-escape, agent- orientation, self-victimizing, generalizing everyday behaviours, positive thinking, humiliating Iranian identity. Elaborating the themes, Iranians always regret their past civilization and behaviors, they humiliate themselves comparing the other nations and the last but not the least, their behaviors are inherently determined.
Hadi khaniki; Mahya Barekat
Abstract
This article aims to study the representation of cultural values in computer games.We conducted a semiotic analysis on three computer games sponsored by three Iranian state organizations. The goal of the research was to investigate how Iranian game makers presented cultural values in the content of the ...
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This article aims to study the representation of cultural values in computer games.We conducted a semiotic analysis on three computer games sponsored by three Iranian state organizations. The goal of the research was to investigate how Iranian game makers presented cultural values in the content of the computer games. With a qualitative approach, we used Roland Barthes’ semiotic method to analyze cultural codes and Philip Tagg’s method to study media signs. The results indicate that the computer games did not use certain game capacities such as interactivity and player-made narrations. In terms of cultural values, the findings show that there is a close relationship between ideological content of the games and the cultural ideologies of the game producing organizations.
Mehrnoosh Mottahedin; Fariborz Dortaj; Fatemeh Ghaemi; Reza Ghorban Jahromi
Abstract
IntroductionThe use of the internet has impacted various facets of human life, and its uncontrolled use is linked to multiple risks such as personal and social harms. With increased needs for internet use, alongside its benefits, the likelihood of problems, particularly Problematic Internet Use (PIU) ...
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IntroductionThe use of the internet has impacted various facets of human life, and its uncontrolled use is linked to multiple risks such as personal and social harms. With increased needs for internet use, alongside its benefits, the likelihood of problems, particularly Problematic Internet Use (PIU) among youth and students, rises. PIU can be caused by engaging in uncontrolled use, such as gaming, consuming adult content, or using social networking platforms. Internet addiction is characterized by obsessive and uncontrolled use of virtual programs that can lead to significant disruption and dysfunction in users' psychological, social, academic, and occupational functioning. Consequently, this study seeks to understand the impact of various variables, such as cognitive emotion regulation strategies, avoidance coping, and basic psychological needs, on PIU. The study aims to investigate whether emotion regulation and avoidance coping strategies play a mediating role in the association between basic psychological needs and PIU.2. Literature ReviewA review of the literature indicates that addictive behaviors are commonly associated with inadequate positive emotion regulation strategies and ineffective coping with emotions, particularly in the initial stages of addiction (Clarke et al., 2020, pp.21-22). Additionally, studies have suggested that when individuals experience distress, avoidance coping strategies may lead to adverse circumstances that provoke negative emotions, causing people to spend more time on the internet to evade them (Piri et al., 2019, p.44). Furthermore, research findings demonstrate a negative correlation between internet addiction and problem-focused coping strategies, and a positive correlation between emotion-focused and avoidance coping strategies (Bahadori et al., 2011, p.183).3. MethodologyThe research method used in this study is a descriptive, correlational approach that aimed to investigate the relationship between internet addiction, cognitive and emotional regulation strategies, basic psychological needs, and coping mechanisms. The study population was all students from the Islamic Azad University, Central and Karaj Branches, with an estimated total of 25,000 individuals. The sampling method used was a multi-stage cluster sampling approach, where three clusters were randomly selected from the Islamic Azad University, including the Central and Karaj Branches. In the next stage, three classes were randomly selected from each of the faculties of Humanities, Engineering, and Basic Sciences. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula and calculated to be 380, but it was increased to 400 to ensure sample size suitability. Ultimately, 397 questionnaires were analyzed. The data collection tools used included the Internet Addiction Test (Kaplan, 2010), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2001), the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (Gagne, 2003), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (Endler & Parker, 1990). The background and theoretical foundations section of the study was based on library research, while the numerical data collection section was based on field research using questionnaires. To ensure confidentiality, privacy, and integrity, ethical research principles were followed throughout the study, including confidentiality, privacy, and integrity. The data were analyzed using path analysis, and the SPSS and AMOS software were utilized.4. ResultsIn this study, a total of 397 participants were included, with 34% being male and 66% being female. The majority of participants (49%) reported being single, while 41% were married, and 10% were divorced. In terms of educational level, 44% were undergraduate students, and 56% were graduate students. The mean age of participants was 28.75, with a standard deviation of 3.12. The inferential findings revealed that avoidance coping had the highest correlation coefficient (0.42) with pathological internet use, followed by relatedness (0.26), adaptive coping strategies (0.23), competence (-0.14), maladaptive coping strategies (-0.14), and autonomy (0.12). Furthermore, the direct effect of autonomy on adaptive coping strategies was significant (0.30, p < 0.05), as was its effect on maladaptive coping strategies (-0.10, p < 0.05). Similarly, the direct effect of competence on adaptive coping strategies was significant (0.23, p < 0.01), as was its effect on maladaptive coping strategies (-0.33, p < 0.01). The direct effect of relatedness on adaptive coping strategies was non-significant (0.14, p>0.05), but significant for maladaptive coping strategies (-0.27, p<0.05). Additionally, the direct effect of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies on avoidance coping was -0.32 and -0.40, respectively (p<0.01). The direct effect of adaptive coping strategies on pathological internet use was -0.19 (p<0.05), while the direct effect of maladaptive coping strategies was -0.11 (p<0.05). The direct effect of avoidance coping on pathological internet use was 0.37 (p<0.01). The study also found significant indirect effects of fundamental psychological needs on pathological internet use, with all three fundamental psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, and competence) having indirect effects. However, emotion regulation strategies did not have significant direct effects on pathological internet use.6. ConclusionThe study findings indicate that problematic internet use is best explained by a causal model based on basic psychological needs, which are mediated by emotion regulation strategies and avoidant coping. This suggests that addressing basic psychological needs, as well as promoting healthy emotion regulation and coping strategies, could be effective strategies for reducing harmful internet use. It is important for therapists and counselors to consider these findings when designing interventions for problematic internet use.AcknowledgmentsWe appreciate all the participants and friends who supported us throughout this research project. We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to them for their valuable contribution to this study.
Farid Mohammadi; Seyed Vahid Aqili; Mohammad Javad Rezaeian
Abstract
Today’s world has experienced a major revolution in the way that stories are told. Content producers embrace new technologies such as AR, MR and VR to narrate their stories. Hunger in LA is considered as the first piece of immersive journalism produced by Nonny de la Pena where narration was supplemented ...
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Today’s world has experienced a major revolution in the way that stories are told. Content producers embrace new technologies such as AR, MR and VR to narrate their stories. Hunger in LA is considered as the first piece of immersive journalism produced by Nonny de la Pena where narration was supplemented with new technology in order to provide users with a first-person experience. Immersive journalism as a new concept provides an interactive, first-person experience with news stories, which can boost empathy. However, immersive journalism faces ethical challenges that need to be tackled. By conducting interviews with 20 experts, which were analyzed by constant comparative technique, this paper examines the ethical dilemmas raised by immersive journalism regarding the journalist’s perspective and the side effects that it might have on users. The findings reveal that immersive journalism producers should consider the existence of a paradox which has made journalistic pieces only accessible to a minority of people though they are supposed to be publicly available, pay very close attention to radical shifts in the way stories are told and impose regulations to guarantee transparency, truthfulness, responsible storytelling and data gathering, and children protection. In terms of the side effects on users, it also suggests that immersive journalism not only involves the risks associated with a significant subjective opinion portrayed on issues, loss of realism and direction, manipulation of the scene and deep fake but also needs complete awareness of how content impacts the viewer.
Seyedehmarjan Hosseini; hossein afkhami
Abstract
Population ageing in both developed and developing communities is increasing significantly due to resources such as improvement in healthcare and welfare, and decreasing of the birth rate. This group needs more care (medical or mental) that increases medical expenditures for governments, families and ...
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Population ageing in both developed and developing communities is increasing significantly due to resources such as improvement in healthcare and welfare, and decreasing of the birth rate. This group needs more care (medical or mental) that increases medical expenditures for governments, families and insurance institution, so policies that are related to the health of older adults are becoming more essential.With the rise of new media, more people became information literate. This great change provided an opportunity for societies to use new technology to cure, reinforce and empower elderly people. Smartphones and tablets are becoming more popular among older adults so a great number of applications have been written based on favorite operating systems (e.g. IOS and Android) for this increasing population. This study provided an overview of the 4 most popular Iranian health apps for the elderly and appraised each app’s usability and serviceability and communicational capability for their immediate audiences. Also, it tried to find out whether these apps are based on reinforcing elderly or management of diseases. Data came from content analysis of health and education apps in the Iranian mobile market. The main result of study is that Iranian healthcare mobile apps are more based on the treatment of diseases rather than reinforcing and empowering elderly. Another conclusion is that these apps try to communicate with relatives, family members or any other person who cares elderly, instead of communicating with older adults directly. Additionally, they are not technically applicable to the elderly.
Hooshyar Rashidi; Adel Dastgoshadeh; Mohammad Sedigh Zahedi
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between Persian speakers' language identity and their use of Persian (as a first or second language) on the one hand and their applying the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing in Telegram chats on the other hand. A group of 115 university students ...
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This study investigated the relationship between Persian speakers' language identity and their use of Persian (as a first or second language) on the one hand and their applying the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing in Telegram chats on the other hand. A group of 115 university students who were users of Telegram was selected through convenience sampling. First, their language identity was measured using Rezaei, Khatib, and Baleghizadeh's (2014) language identity questionnaire. Then, they were divided into two groups as follows. One group included speakers of Persian as a first language, while the other group included speakers of Persian as a second language. Next, each group was further subdivided into two groups with high and low language identities. Therefore, ultimately there were four groups, each consisting of 25 participants. Finally, a sample of the Telegram chats in each group was rated and analyzed based on the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing. The results showed that language identity went hand in hand with adherence to linguistic criteria in the first-language group but not in the second-language group. With regard to the effect of language use (as a first or second language), the results indicated that, with comparable language identity, the second-language groups turned out to be more committed to the criteria of standard Persian writing.
Abstract
In this article we try to examine rap-e-farsi beyond its musical borders. Rap-e-farsi is not reduced to production of music. Based on the Iranian cultural policy and by considering its underground and unofficial characteristic, rap-e-farsi cannot be seen in the official media but the cyberspace so as ...
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In this article we try to examine rap-e-farsi beyond its musical borders. Rap-e-farsi is not reduced to production of music. Based on the Iranian cultural policy and by considering its underground and unofficial characteristic, rap-e-farsi cannot be seen in the official media but the cyberspace so as to fill the gap between itself and its audiences. Then, for rap-e-farsi Instagram is as a platform to reveal itself beyond the usual expectations. In Instagram, we find a lot of uploaded photos which form the visual culture of rap-e-farsi. Iranian city does not allow rap-e-frasi to be seen, thus it has emigrated to the cyber-streets of Instagram. This emigration proves the importance of visual aspect of rap-e-farsi besides its audio part. Therefore, this article analyzes the visualization of rap-e-farsi. We study images from specific popular pages about rap-e-farsi, personal pages of Persian rappers and pages of some audiences who dedicate their pages to beloved rappers. Consequently, the process of image circulation in Instagram managed to production of news and circulation of news which have turned rap-e-farsi into a subject to think and to debate.
Jamal Mohammadi; parniya razipor
Abstract
The social network Instagram with too many audiences in Iran is followed by different strata of users. Different pages with diverse functions in this network show that users follow this social network with different purposes and intentions. This paper is an attempt to have a sociological study on this ...
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The social network Instagram with too many audiences in Iran is followed by different strata of users. Different pages with diverse functions in this network show that users follow this social network with different purposes and intentions. This paper is an attempt to have a sociological study on this social network and to do so, it will review the field of literature critically. Then, it attempts to do a qualitative content analysis of different pages of Iranian users to categorize them according to their collective functions. The findings show that Iranian users’ pages on Instagram can be categorized into six categories based on their collective functions: News, education, marketing, services, bloggers, and yellow pages. It is concluded that Instagram’s field of activity can’t be limited merely to creating social communication but has some extraordinary potential in determining social and interpersonal relations and problems. This social network can meet the different needs of people in the field of business, information, entertainment, education, services, etc. Instagram also strengthens a participatory culture, because users are actively involved in creating and circulating new content.
somayeh labafi; ALI ASGHAR KIA; AMROLLAH THAGHVA
Abstract
In recent years, changes have occurred in the TV-watching paradigm. One of the most important changes is the second screen that accompanies the watching. the second screening is the new experience of watching television, allowing the viewer to interact in a different way with a television program. the ...
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In recent years, changes have occurred in the TV-watching paradigm. One of the most important changes is the second screen that accompanies the watching. the second screening is the new experience of watching television, allowing the viewer to interact in a different way with a television program. the present study has been done by deep and semi-structured interviews with 21 managers of five private TV networks in Afghanistan and 20-second screen users and TV audiences to identify the factors affecting the promotion and development of the second screen to increase the interaction of TV audiences in Afghanistan. The factors affecting the promotion and development of the second screen in Afghanistan are classified into six categories: the features of the second screen, the factors that predispose the second screen, the second screen deterrent, the second screen development strategies, and the consequences of second screen development. And also factors of developer (individual, organizational, environmental) and restrictive factors (individual, organizational, environmental) are separated in this study. And on the other hand, expanding of second screening empowers audiences to shape public narratives alongside news organizations and political elites.
hossein norouzi; fariba bahamin; fatemeh davoodabadifarahani
Abstract
Social Media Based Brand Communities (SMBBCs) have created a potential tool for development of brand communication in companies, but it is worth noting that the increasing interest in the use of social media and networks has created both opportunities and social and security threats leading to an infrastructure ...
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Social Media Based Brand Communities (SMBBCs) have created a potential tool for development of brand communication in companies, but it is worth noting that the increasing interest in the use of social media and networks has created both opportunities and social and security threats leading to an infrastructure for the emergence of insecurity and violation of the privacy. The research sought to perceive existing values of Social Media Based Brand Communities (SMBBCs) and investigate the trust transfer and how the customer brand trust could be transferred by other members of a brand community. The present study had a descriptive survey type. Therefore, 384 active users' views in brand communities of Instagram social network were collected and measured using online questionnaires, and then analyzed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique and SMART PLS software. According to results, the perceived security by customers in social networks had a significant positive effect on the trust transfer between members of Social Media Based Brand Communities. Furthermore, the trust transfer (customer-customer trust and customer-marketer trust) had a significant positive effect on the customer engagement in brand communities; and the trust transfer and engagement led to the brand trust. On this basis, suggestions were offered to enhance customers' perception of security as well as their engagement in brand communities
