Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Social Science Department, Faculty of Languages, Literature and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Social Science Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Celebrity is a new form of fame in contemporary world, which has risen under influence of social changes such as mediatization of society, decline in organized religion, the decline of the authority of traditional reference groups and commodification. Five specific characteristics of celebrity distinguish it from traditional forms of reputation, include media-driven, audience-driven, gain reputation quickly and scope of reputation, diversification and migration. For achieving this goal, a survey research has designed. The main aim of this research was to investigate the tendency of Farsi Instagram users to the celebrity culture, from sociological point of view. The statistical population of the study was all Persian Instagram users. 384 users were selected by simple random sampling. The results of the research show that, the mean of the tendency towards celebrity culture in the studied population is 46.39 out of 100, and most respondents (49.2%) have a moderate tendency towards celebrity culture. Comparison of means tests shows that in gender category, women, in age category, 20-29 years old audiences, and in educational category Bachelor's degree audiences, have the most tendency toward celebrity culture. Inferential statistics shows negative relation between religiosity and tendency toward celebrity culture, and positive relation between independent variables consumerism and tendency toward media with dependent variable, tendency toward celebrity culture.

Highlights

  • رشیدی، صادق و زهرا صبورنژاد (1394). «ستارگان سینما و هویت آنلاین: مطالعه نشانه‌شناختی بازسازی مفهوم ستارگی پس از اینترنت (مطالعه موردی تصاویر منتشرشده در اینستاگرام الناز شاکر دوست)». فصلنامه مطالعات رسانه‌های نوین: دوره 1، شماره 3، 200-165.
  • مولائی، محمدمهدی (1395). «گردش فرهنگ سلبریتی در رسانه‌های اجتماعی: مطالعه فعالیت سلبریتی‌های ایرانی و هوادارانشان در اینستاگرام». فصلنامه علمی-ترویجی جامعه، فرهنگ و رسانه: سال پنجم، شماره 21، 80-57.

 

  • Alexander, Jeffrey C. (2010). The Celebrity-Icon. Cultural Sociology. 4: 323- 336.
  • Andrews, David L. & Jackson, Steven J. (Editors) (2001). Sport Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Braudy, Leo. (1997). The frenzy of renown. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
  • Cashmore, Ellis. (2006). Celebrity Culture. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Chan, Kara. & Zhang, Cong. (2007). Living in a celebrity-mediated social world: the Chinese experience. Young Consumers, Vol. 8 Iss 2 pp. 139 – 152.
  • Couldry, Nick & Markham, Tim (2007). Celebrity Culture and Public Connection: Bridge or Chasm?. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 10(4), pp.403-421.
  • Deflem, Mathieu. (2016). Lady Gaga and the Sociology of Fame. The Rise of a Pop Star in an Age of Celebrity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Driessens, Olivier. (2013a). The Celebritization of Society and Culture: Understanding the structural dynamics of celebrity culture. International Journal of Cultural Studies. 16: 641.
  • Driessens, Olivier. (2013b). Celebrity capital: redefining celebrity using field theory. Theor Soc. 42:543–560.
  • Ferris, Kerry. (2007). The Sociology of Celebrity. Sociology Compass 1/1(2007): 371-384.
  • Fletcher, Rob. (2015). Blinded by the Stars? Celebrity, Fantasy, and Desire in Neoliberal Environmental Governance. Celebrity Studies, 6:4, 457-470.
  • Furedi, Frank. (2010). Celebrity Culture. Soc (2010) 47:493–497
  • Gabler, Neal. (1998). Life: The Movie - How Entertainment Conquered Reality. New York: Vintage books.
  • Gabler, Neal. (2001). Toward a New Definition of Celebrity. Norman Lear Center, University of Southern California Annenberg School for Communication.
  • Gamson, Joshua. (1994). Claims to Fame: Celebrity in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press
  • Gamson, Joshua. (2001). The Web of Celebrity. The American Prospect, December 19, 2001.
  • Giles, David. (2000). Illusions of Immortality: A Psychology of Fame and Celebrity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
  • Henderson, Amy. (1992). Media and the Rise of Celebrity Culture. OAH Magazine of History, 6(4), 49-54.
  • Holmes, Su & Redmond, Sean. (2006). Framing Celebrity: New Directions in Celebrity Cultur London: Routledge.
  • Inglis, Fred. (2010). A Short History of Celebrity. Princeton: Princeton University
  • Kim, Jihyun & Song, Hayeon. (2016). Celebrity's self-disclosure on Twitter and parasocial relationships: A mediating role of social presence. Computers in Human Behavior Volume 62, September 2016, Pages 570-577.
  • Laken, Amanda. (2009). Parasocial relationships with celebrities: An illusion of intimacy with mediated friends. UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones.
  • Lawrence, Cooper. (2009). The Cult of Celebrity: What Our Fascination with the Stars Reveals About Us. Guilford, Connecticut: The Globe Pequot Press.
  • Littler, Jo. (2007). Celebrity CEOs and the Cultural Economy of Tabloid Intimacy. In: Redmond, S. and Holmes, S. (eds.) Stardom and Celebrity: A Reader. London: SAGE.
  • Maltby, John & Day, Liz. (2011). Celebrity worship and incidence of elective cosmetic surgery: evidence of a link among young adults. The Journal of adolescent health: official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 49 5, 483-9.
  • Maltby, John & Houran, James & Lange, Rense & Ashe, Diane & McCutcheon, Lynn. (2002). Thou Shalt Worship No Other Gods Unless They Are Celebrities: The Relationship Between Celebrity Worship and Religious Orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 1157-1172.
  • Marshall, David. (1997). Celebrity and Power: Fame in Contemporary Culture. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota
  • Marshall, David. (2015). The Genealogy of Celebrity. In: A Companion to Celebrity. P.David Marshall & Sean Redmond (Eds). London: Wiley Blackwell.
  • Marwick, Alice. (2015). Instafame: Luxury Selfies in the Attention Economy. Public Culture 27:1.
  • McCurcheon, Lynn & Lange, Rense & Houran, James. (2002). Conceptualization and measurement of celebrity worship. British Journal of Psychology, 93, 67–87.
  • McCutcheon, Lynn & Maltby, John (2002). Personality attributions about individuals high and low in the tendency to worship celebrities. Current Research in Social Psychology. 7:325–338.
  • McKernan, Brian. (2011). Politics and Celebrity: A Sociological Understanding. Sociology Compass 5/3: 190–202.
  • Reeves, Robert & Baker, Gary & Truluck, Chris. (2012). Celebrity Worship, Materialism, Compulsive Buying, and the Empty Self. Mark., 29: 674-679. doi:10.1002/mar.20553
  • Rihl, Alexander & Wegener, Cluadia. (2017). YouTube celebrities and Parasocial Interaction Using Feedback Channels in Mediatized Relationships. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. 1-13.
  • Rojek, Chris. (2001). Celebrity. London: Reaktion Books.
  • Sheridan, Lorraine & North, Adrian & Maltby, John & Gillett, Rapheal (2007). Celebrity Worship, Addiction and Criminality. Psychology, Crime & law. 13:559–571.
  • Sternheimer, Karen. (2011). Celebrity Culture and the American Dream: Stardom and Social Mobility. New York, Routledge.
  • Street, John. (2004). Celebrity Politicians: Popular Culture and Political Representation. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 6 (4): 435-452.
  • Turner, Graeme. (2004). Celebrity and Culture. London: Sage.
  • Turner, Graeme. (2010): Approaching celebrity studies, Celebrity Studies, 1:1, 11-20.
  • Van Krieken, Robert. (2012). Celebrity Society. New York, Routledge.
  • Ward, Janabeth. (2016). A Content Analysis of Celebrity Instagram Posts and Para social Interaction, Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, VOL. 7, NO 1.
  • Weinstein, Deen & Weinstein, Michael. (2003). Celebrity Worship as Weak Religion. Word & World. Volume 23, Number 3, summer 2003.
  • West, Darrell. (2005). American Politics in the Age of Celebrity. The Hedgehog Review 7(1): 59–65.
  • Williams, Jeffrey. (2006). Academostars: Name Recognition. In Marshall, P.D. (Ed.). The Celebrity Culture Reader. New York: Routledge.
  • Young, Mark & Drew Pinsky. (2006). Narcissism and Celebrity. Journal of Research in Personality, 40: 463–71.

Keywords

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    • رشیدی، صادق و زهرا صبورنژاد (1394). «ستارگان سینما و هویت آنلاین: مطالعه نشانه‌شناختی بازسازی مفهوم ستارگی پس از اینترنت (مطالعه موردی تصاویر منتشرشده در اینستاگرام الناز شاکر دوست)». فصلنامه مطالعات رسانه‌های نوین: دوره 1، شماره 3، 200-165.
    • مولائی، محمدمهدی (1395). «گردش فرهنگ سلبریتی در رسانه‌های اجتماعی: مطالعه فعالیت سلبریتی‌های ایرانی و هوادارانشان در اینستاگرام». فصلنامه علمی-ترویجی جامعه، فرهنگ و رسانه: سال پنجم، شماره 21، 80-57.

     

    • Alexander, Jeffrey C. (2010). The Celebrity-Icon. Cultural Sociology. 4: 323- 336.
    • Andrews, David L. & Jackson, Steven J. (Editors) (2001). Sport Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity. London and New York: Routledge.
    • Braudy, Leo. (1997). The frenzy of renown. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
    • Cashmore, Ellis. (2006). Celebrity Culture. London, UK: Routledge.
    • Chan, Kara. & Zhang, Cong. (2007). Living in a celebrity-mediated social world: the Chinese experience. Young Consumers, Vol. 8 Iss 2 pp. 139 – 152.
    • Couldry, Nick & Markham, Tim (2007). Celebrity Culture and Public Connection: Bridge or Chasm?. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 10(4), pp.403-421.
    • Deflem, Mathieu. (2016). Lady Gaga and the Sociology of Fame. The Rise of a Pop Star in an Age of Celebrity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Driessens, Olivier. (2013a). The Celebritization of Society and Culture: Understanding the structural dynamics of celebrity culture. International Journal of Cultural Studies. 16: 641.
    • Driessens, Olivier. (2013b). Celebrity capital: redefining celebrity using field theory. Theor Soc. 42:543–560.
    • Ferris, Kerry. (2007). The Sociology of Celebrity. Sociology Compass 1/1(2007): 371-384.
    • Fletcher, Rob. (2015). Blinded by the Stars? Celebrity, Fantasy, and Desire in Neoliberal Environmental Governance. Celebrity Studies, 6:4, 457-470.
    • Furedi, Frank. (2010). Celebrity Culture. Soc (2010) 47:493–497
    • Gabler, Neal. (1998). Life: The Movie - How Entertainment Conquered Reality. New York: Vintage books.
    • Gabler, Neal. (2001). Toward a New Definition of Celebrity. Norman Lear Center, University of Southern California Annenberg School for Communication.
    • Gamson, Joshua. (1994). Claims to Fame: Celebrity in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Gamson, Joshua. (2001). The Web of Celebrity. The American Prospect, December 19, 2001.
    • Giles, David. (2000). Illusions of Immortality: A Psychology of Fame and Celebrity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
    • Henderson, Amy. (1992). Media and the Rise of Celebrity Culture. OAH Magazine of History, 6(4), 49-54.
    • Holmes, Su & Redmond, Sean. (2006). Framing Celebrity: New Directions in Celebrity Cultur London: Routledge.
    • Inglis, Fred. (2010). A Short History of Celebrity. Princeton: Princeton University
    • Kim, Jihyun & Song, Hayeon. (2016). Celebrity's self-disclosure on Twitter and parasocial relationships: A mediating role of social presence. Computers in Human Behavior Volume 62, September 2016, Pages 570-577.
    • Laken, Amanda. (2009). Parasocial relationships with celebrities: An illusion of intimacy with mediated friends. UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones.
    • Lawrence, Cooper. (2009). The Cult of Celebrity: What Our Fascination with the Stars Reveals About Us. Guilford, Connecticut: The Globe Pequot Press.
    • Littler, Jo. (2007). Celebrity CEOs and the Cultural Economy of Tabloid Intimacy. In: Redmond, S. and Holmes, S. (eds.) Stardom and Celebrity: A Reader. London: SAGE.
    • Maltby, John & Day, Liz. (2011). Celebrity worship and incidence of elective cosmetic surgery: evidence of a link among young adults. The Journal of adolescent health: official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 49 5, 483-9.
    • Maltby, John & Houran, James & Lange, Rense & Ashe, Diane & McCutcheon, Lynn. (2002). Thou Shalt Worship No Other Gods Unless They Are Celebrities: The Relationship Between Celebrity Worship and Religious Orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 1157-1172.
    • Marshall, David. (1997). Celebrity and Power: Fame in Contemporary Culture. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota
    • Marshall, David. (2015). The Genealogy of Celebrity. In: A Companion to Celebrity. P.David Marshall & Sean Redmond (Eds). London: Wiley Blackwell.
    • Marwick, Alice. (2015). Instafame: Luxury Selfies in the Attention Economy. Public Culture 27:1.
    • McCurcheon, Lynn & Lange, Rense & Houran, James. (2002). Conceptualization and measurement of celebrity worship. British Journal of Psychology, 93, 67–87.
    • McCutcheon, Lynn & Maltby, John (2002). Personality attributions about individuals high and low in the tendency to worship celebrities. Current Research in Social Psychology. 7:325–338.
    • McKernan, Brian. (2011). Politics and Celebrity: A Sociological Understanding. Sociology Compass 5/3: 190–202.
    • Reeves, Robert & Baker, Gary & Truluck, Chris. (2012). Celebrity Worship, Materialism, Compulsive Buying, and the Empty Self. Mark., 29: 674-679. doi:10.1002/mar.20553
    • Rihl, Alexander & Wegener, Cluadia. (2017). YouTube celebrities and Parasocial Interaction Using Feedback Channels in Mediatized Relationships. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. 1-13.
    • Rojek, Chris. (2001). Celebrity. London: Reaktion Books.
    • Sheridan, Lorraine & North, Adrian & Maltby, John & Gillett, Rapheal (2007). Celebrity Worship, Addiction and Criminality. Psychology, Crime & law. 13:559–571.
    • Sternheimer, Karen. (2011). Celebrity Culture and the American Dream: Stardom and Social Mobility. New York, Routledge.
    • Street, John. (2004). Celebrity Politicians: Popular Culture and Political Representation. The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 6 (4): 435-452.
    • Turner, Graeme. (2004). Celebrity and Culture. London: Sage.
    • Turner, Graeme. (2010): Approaching celebrity studies, Celebrity Studies, 1:1, 11-20.
    • Van Krieken, Robert. (2012). Celebrity Society. New York, Routledge.
    • Ward, Janabeth. (2016). A Content Analysis of Celebrity Instagram Posts and Para social Interaction, Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, VOL. 7, NO 1.
    • Weinstein, Deen & Weinstein, Michael. (2003). Celebrity Worship as Weak Religion. Word & World. Volume 23, Number 3, summer 2003.
    • West, Darrell. (2005). American Politics in the Age of Celebrity. The Hedgehog Review 7(1): 59–65.
    • Williams, Jeffrey. (2006). Academostars: Name Recognition. In Marshall, P.D. (Ed.). The Celebrity Culture Reader. New York: Routledge.
    • Young, Mark & Drew Pinsky. (2006). Narcissism and Celebrity. Journal of Research in Personality, 40: 463–71.