Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professorin sport management department, physical education department, college of social and humanity sciences, university of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 kordestan University

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of social media-based marketing activities on the intention of the presence of fans with the mediating role of team identity and satisfaction (case study of Esteghlal's Instagram page).
Methodology: Descriptive-correlational research method and statistical population of the study, including all fans of Esteghlal Football Cultural and Sports Club, which 434 questionnaires were collected and analyzed online on Cafe Pardazesh website. Sevo Park's social marketing questionnaire, the intention of Aachen spectators, Oliver's satisfaction and Trail and James' team identity questionnaire were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.
Results: The findings showed that social media marketing has an effect on team identity, satisfaction and intention to be present, team identity affects the satisfaction and intention of the presence of the fan and the satisfaction of the fan has an effect on the intention to attend. Team identity does not play a mediating role between social media marketing in terms of fan presence, and contentment plays a mediating role between social media marketing in terms of fan presence.
Conclusion: Today, traditional customer relationship management methods are not responsive to management. For this reason, various organizations and industries have considered using attractive methods in social media to attract their audiences.

Keywords

References
Argan M., Argan M.T., Köse, H., & Gökalp, B. (2013). Using Facebook as a sport marketing tool: A content analysis on Turkish soccer clubs. bs. Journal of Internet Applications and Management, 4(1), 25-
Barnhart, B. (2020). How to use social media in sports to keep fans engaged. Retrieved October 21, 2020, from https://sproutsocial.com/insights/social-media-in-sports/.
Bauer, H. H., Stokburger-Sauer, N. E., & Exler, S. (2008). "Brand image and fan loyalty in professional team sport: A refined model and empirical assessment". Journal of Sport Management, 22(2), 205–226.
Benthaus, J., Risius, M., & Beck, R. (2016). Social media management strategies for organizational impression management and their effect on public perception. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 25(2), 127-139.
Bridgewater, S. (2010). "Football Brands". Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, UK, Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne ISBN 978-0-230-23253-2.
Browning, B., & Sanderson, J. (2012). The positives and negatives of Twitter: Exploring how student-athletes use Twitter and respond to critical tweets. International Journal of Sport Communication, 5(4), 503-521.
Castronovo, C., & Huang, L. (2012). Social media in an alternative marketing communication model. Journal of marketing development and competitiveness, 6(1), 117-134.
Chen, S. C., & Lin, C. P. (2019). Understanding the effect of social media marketing activities: The mediation of social identification, perceived value, and satisfaction. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 140, 22-35.
Chen, S.C., Chiu, Y.B., Lai, M.T., Wu, C.H., Chen, H.H., Zhang, S.Y., (2014). An empirical study of users' loyalty on virtual communities: the prospective of fundamental interpersonal relations orientation. J. E-Bus. 16 (3), 309–338.
Cheung, M.L., Pires, G., & Rosenberger, P.J. (2020). The influence of perceived social media marketing elements on consumer–brand engagement and brand knowledge. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 32(3), 695-720.
Dann, S., (2010). Redefining social marketing with contemporary commercial marketing definitions. J. Bus. Res. 63 (2), 147–153.
Eagleman, A. N., & Krohn, B. D. (2012). Sponsorship awareness, attitudes, and purchase intentions of road race series participants. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 21(4), 210.‏222.
Gaia, A. C. (2002). Understanding emotional intimacy: A review of conceptualization, assessment and the role of gender. International Social Science Review, 77(3/4), 151-170.
Hambrick, M. E., Simmons, J. M., Greenhalgh, G. P., & Greenwell, T. C. (2010). Understanding professional athletes’ use of Twitter: A content analysis of athlete tweets. International Journal of Sport Communication, 3(4), 454-471.
Hopkins, J. L. (2013). Engaging Australian Rules Football fans with social media: A case study. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 13(1-2), 104-121.
Hu, Y. (2010). An investigation on the linkage between purchase intention and service quality in the e-commerce context. Paper presented at the Innovative Computing & Communication, Intl Conf on and Information Technology & Ocean Engineering, Asia-Pacific Conf on (CICC-ITOE).
Janhuba, R. (2019). Do victories and losses matter? Effects of football on life satisfaction. Journal of Economic Psychology, 75, 102102.‏
Java, A., Song, X., Finin, T., Tseng, B., (2009). Why we twitter: An analysis of a microblogging community. In: Advances in Web Mining and Web Usage Analysis. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 118–138.
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business horizons, 53(1), 59-68.
Kaynak, E., Salman, G. G., & Tatoglu, E. (2008). "An integrative framework linking brand associations and brand loyalty in professional sports". Journal of Brand Management, 15(5), 336–357.
Korzynski, P., & Paniagua, J. (2016). Score a tweet and post a goal: Social media recipes for sports stars. Business Horizons, 59(2), 185-192.
Morrison, K. A., Misener, K. E., & Mock, S. E. (2018). "The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility and Team Identification on identification in the team sport industry". Marketing Review St. Gallen, 31(2), 20–31.
Mullan, R (2007). “The conceptual development of customer loyalty measurement: A proposed scale. Journal of Targeting”. Measurement and Analysis for Marketing. 11 (3): 230-243.
Mutz, M. (2019). Life Satisfaction and the UEFA EURO 2016: Findings from a Nation-Wide Longitudinal Study in Germany. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 14(2), 375-391.‏
Newman, T., Peck, J. F., Harris, C., & Wilhide, B. (2013). Introduction to principles of sport communication, marketing, and social media. Social Media in Sport Marketing. Arizona, USA: Holcomb Hathaway Publishers, pp 10.
Oliver, R.L., (1980). A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfactiondecisions. J. Mark. Res. 17 (4), 460–469.
Parchment, L. (2021). The comparison between Social Media Marketing Strategies in the United Kingdom and United States Professional Soccer teams.
Peltekoğlu, F. B., & Hürmeriç, P. (2012). Social media used as a marketing public relations tool in Turkish football teams.
Raacke, J., Bonds-Raacke, J., (2008). MySpace and Facebook: Applying the uses and gratifications theory to exploring friend-networking sites. CyberPsychol. Behav. 11(2), 169–174.
Robledo, M. A. (2001). Measuring and managing service quality: integrating customer expectations. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 11(1), 22-31.
Schivinski, B. & Dabrowski, D. (2015). The impact of brand communication on brand equity through Facebook. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 9(1), pp: 31-53
Schivinski, B., & Dabrowski, D. (2015). The impact of brand communication on brand equity through Facebook. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 9(1), 31-53.‏
Seo, E. J., & Park, J. W. (2018). A study on the effects of social media marketing activities on brand equity and customer response in the airline industry. Journal of Air Transport Management, 66, 36-41.
Shih-Chih Chena, Chieh-Peng Linb, (2019). Understanding the effect of social media marketing activities: The mediation of social identification, perceived value, and satisfaction, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 140, 22–32.
Soltan Hosseini, M., Nasr Esfahani, D., Nasr Esfahani, F., & Jaberi, A. (2014). "The Determination of the Relative Contribution of Team Identification by Managerial Factors in Clubs Attending Iran Football Premier League". Journal of Sport Management, 6(1), 109-133. [Persian]
Swartz, H., & Gazley, A. (2011). The effect of Social Media use by Athletes on Brand Image.
Trail, G., & James, J. (2001). The Motivation Scale for Sport Consumption: Assessment of the Scale’s Psychometric Properties. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24, 108-127.
Yoshida, M., Heere, B., & Gordon, B. (2015). "Predicting behavioral loyalty through community: Why other fans are more important than our own intentions, our satisfaction, and the team itself". Journal of Sport Management, 29(3), 318–333