Hadi Khaniki; Amir Yazdian
Abstract
The first media religion studies dates back to 70s and 80s. Until the 1990s, this field had not been seriously considered by scholarships. Media studies’ affection by cultural studies and its apostasy (an important feature of cultural studies) are the main reasons for abandoning religion in media ...
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The first media religion studies dates back to 70s and 80s. Until the 1990s, this field had not been seriously considered by scholarships. Media studies’ affection by cultural studies and its apostasy (an important feature of cultural studies) are the main reasons for abandoning religion in media studies. Religious scholars also considered the mass media to be a factor in the weakening of religion, and therefore paid less attention to media studies. However, the emphasis of cultural approaches on the processes of meaning-making in society and the importance of religion as one of the most important components in the process of meaning-making of human agency caused attention to be turned to religion. Therefore, since the 90s, we have witnessed the growth of literature in the field of religion and media studies. Studies that began with the efforts of scholars such as Clifford Geertz and James Carey have continued up to the date and have grown due to the widespread influence of new media and their unique features at the community level. Examining the performance of religious groups, audience-oriented approach, examining religious news coverage, content analysis of religious topics, policy-making and critical content analysis have been among the main subjects of studies in this field, in recent years. However, the most important approaches to this emerging field of study can be found in Marshall McLuhan's "Technological Determinism"; Stig Hjarvard's "The Mediatization of Religion"; Stewart Hoover's "Mediation of Meaning"; Gordon Lynch’s "Mediation of Sacred Forms"; and Heidi Campbell’s "Religious-Social Shaping of Technology."
Hossein Kermani; Marziyeh Adham; Amirali Tafreshi
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive and reliable approach to doing social research on Persian Twitter. Twitter has been one of the most favorable social platforms in Iran for years. Despite such popularity, research on Twitter has not been grown as it is supposed to be. Therefore, we are trying to fill ...
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This paper provides a comprehensive and reliable approach to doing social research on Persian Twitter. Twitter has been one of the most favorable social platforms in Iran for years. Despite such popularity, research on Twitter has not been grown as it is supposed to be. Therefore, we are trying to fill this gap by suggesting a complete approach in this article. This approach is based on social network analysis, ethnographic content analysis, and social media critical discourse studies. Combining these methods, we are going beyond the limitations of current approaches which focus on either users or tweets. This approach provides researchers with a convenient method from the selection of gathering data strategy and time to statistical and final analysis. We suggest helpful and reliable concepts and tools to research on Twitter in each step. Moreover, we present a strategy to coding users’ demographic variables in addition to an approach to reach a close and valid reading of tweets. This approach could consist of a convenient basis for future studies.
Hooshyar Rashidi; Adel Dastgoshadeh; Mohammad Sedigh Zahedi
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between Persian speakers' language identity and their use of Persian (as a first or second language) on the one hand and their applying the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing in Telegram chats on the other hand. A group of 115 university students ...
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This study investigated the relationship between Persian speakers' language identity and their use of Persian (as a first or second language) on the one hand and their applying the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing in Telegram chats on the other hand. A group of 115 university students who were users of Telegram was selected through convenience sampling. First, their language identity was measured using Rezaei, Khatib, and Baleghizadeh's (2014) language identity questionnaire. Then, they were divided into two groups as follows. One group included speakers of Persian as a first language, while the other group included speakers of Persian as a second language. Next, each group was further subdivided into two groups with high and low language identities. Therefore, ultimately there were four groups, each consisting of 25 participants. Finally, a sample of the Telegram chats in each group was rated and analyzed based on the linguistic criteria of standard Persian writing. The results showed that language identity went hand in hand with adherence to linguistic criteria in the first-language group but not in the second-language group. With regard to the effect of language use (as a first or second language), the results indicated that, with comparable language identity, the second-language groups turned out to be more committed to the criteria of standard Persian writing.
Milad Mir Mohamad Sadeghi; Abdul Ali Ghavam; Afsaneh Mozaffari
Abstract
Using Social Network Analysis (SNA), the present article explored a network containing 7885 people and 9927 ties among Arab-speaking ISIS supporters on Twitter. The aim of this research was to explore the structure of the relationship among previously mentioned users, investigate the advantages and disadvantages ...
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Using Social Network Analysis (SNA), the present article explored a network containing 7885 people and 9927 ties among Arab-speaking ISIS supporters on Twitter. The aim of this research was to explore the structure of the relationship among previously mentioned users, investigate the advantages and disadvantages of this structure for ISIS, and identify the key nodes based on centrality measures. Based on the findings of this study, the network of the Arab-speaking ISIS supporters in Twitter during February and March 2019 consisted of a decentralized deep structure with a long diameter and clusters which had a weak tie with one another and the whole network. This structure could lead to flexibility, stability, and agility of the network and it could also preserve the anonymity of the key ISIS supporters. The researchers determined the nodes with the highest centrality scores and divided the ISIS supporters into 3 distinctive groups: key users, connectors, and followers.
Zahra Ardekani Fard; Mozhgan Azimi Hashemi
Abstract
In the summer of 1397, the issue of the Iraqi travelers' sex tourism in Mashhad was widely considered and highlighted by the mass media. Following this attention from the mass media, people also started discussing and commenting on this topic on social networks. This research seeks to describe and analyze ...
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In the summer of 1397, the issue of the Iraqi travelers' sex tourism in Mashhad was widely considered and highlighted by the mass media. Following this attention from the mass media, people also started discussing and commenting on this topic on social networks. This research seeks to describe and analyze the way in which the topic was represented in the official media and also to examine the impact of this representation and media-assisted highlighting on public opinions in the social network Twitter. For the purposes mentioned, a qualitative content analysis method was used to examine 20 news stories published in official media as well as 54 users’ tweets in the Twitter social network. Research findings show that according to Agenda-setting theory, the number of tweets per day is directly related to the number of news in the mass media, and the media have succeeded in prioritizing and attracting the audience's attention. However, the content of tweets is not entirely consistent with the views put forward in the mass media. There are two instances of compliance with gossip and racist claims, but there are two claims of governance and system mismanagement in tweets that have not been raised in the representation of the mass media
SEYYEDEH FAHIMEH PARSAIYAN
Abstract
Social Networking Sites are playing a significant role in advertising. Besides the conventional commercial ads, a new type of advertising, called “channel ads” or “link exchange” is growing in Telegram and Eitaa messengers. Deploying a variety of persuasion techniques, these ads ...
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Social Networking Sites are playing a significant role in advertising. Besides the conventional commercial ads, a new type of advertising, called “channel ads” or “link exchange” is growing in Telegram and Eitaa messengers. Deploying a variety of persuasion techniques, these ads aim at persuading users to clink on the hyperlink and join the advertised channels. Given the novelty of the issue, the present study aimed at identifying the persuasion techniques deployed in “channel advertising”. The corpus consisted of 100 advertising posts in five popular Telegram and Eitaa channels. Content analysis of the posts revealed a variety of persuasion techniques including “Narratives”, “Promised land”, “Anchors’, “Attracting Titles”, “+18”, “Scarcity”, “ Fear Appeal”, and “ Special Target Group”. The findings of the study reveal that channel advertisers, like commercial advertisers, use or misuse target groups' needs, wants, desires as well as religious beliefs and values. The complexity of the virtual world definitely demands heightened attention to cultivating media literacy.
Razieh Alborz; Rahman Saeedi; hossein afkhami
Abstract
The current research attempts to investigate the place of electronic public relations in 22 regions of Tehran Municipality. Survey method was used to study variables such as computer literacy, teaching electronic public relations, level of using electronic public relations, etc. and questionnaires were ...
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The current research attempts to investigate the place of electronic public relations in 22 regions of Tehran Municipality. Survey method was used to study variables such as computer literacy, teaching electronic public relations, level of using electronic public relations, etc. and questionnaires were used for data collection. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.88 was used to determine research reliability. Research population included all the official and contract managers and employees of public relation units who were serving during the second half of 1394 (2015) and the first half of 1395 (2016) in the 22 regions of Tehran Municipality. It is noteworthy that census method was used in this study. SPSS Version 20 was used for data analysis. Tables of frequency distribution were used for data descriptions in descriptive statistics section and chi-square and D. Summers’s correlation coefficient were used in inferential statistics proportionate with the level of data assessment.Research findings showed that considering the studies carried out on the indices of computer literacy, teaching electronic public relations, the attitude of managers and specialists regarding the electronic public relations and the level of using electronic public relations technology (electronic mail, electronic newsletter, SMS and Multimedia systems, forums, electronic surveys, telegram) electronic public relations are being properly used public relations units of the 22 regions of Tehran Municipality.
Ali Etemadoleslami Bakhtoyari; Taher Roshandel Arbatani; mahdi zolfagharzadeh; Ali Akbar Farhangi
Abstract
The goal of this research is to recognize the forces affected social networks on mobile devices. The social networks are defined as internet-based services that let individuals create profiles for themselves and set list of audiences with whom connect and share the content. In Mobile Social Networks, ...
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The goal of this research is to recognize the forces affected social networks on mobile devices. The social networks are defined as internet-based services that let individuals create profiles for themselves and set list of audiences with whom connect and share the content. In Mobile Social Networks, social networks are developed on mobile devices. In addition, Users can upload films and photos in their social networks without desktop. In this kind of social networks, individuals can share content and connect to their friends while they are in movement and involved in their daily life. Forces affected on future include trends, uncertainties and stakeholders. To review English literature, research question and protocol was set. By searching and tracking news, 823 qualified articles were obtained. Between obtained articles, 253 of them were selected and translated based on protocol. By analyzing in technological-environmental, demographic-social, legal-political and economic framework 19 uncertainties, 25 trends and 12 stakeholders are extracted. Concluded that future of Facebook company is the future of social networks. The necessity of international treaty, proper regulation and public education are emphasized.
Kobra Bakhshizadeh Borj; Reza khadem Hosseini; MAHDI BASHIRPOUR
Abstract
Today, social media is very useful among the people of Iran and it has many users in Iran.by the way Iranian people are faced with two choices of using domestic and foreign messengers. Previous researches has shown that Iranians people are using foreign media more than their domestic social messengers. ...
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Today, social media is very useful among the people of Iran and it has many users in Iran.by the way Iranian people are faced with two choices of using domestic and foreign messengers. Previous researches has shown that Iranians people are using foreign media more than their domestic social messengers. This study investigates the reason for people's lack of attention to use domestic messengers and compares it with foreign messengers in order to achieve a model for designing Iranian messengers suitable to users' tastes by comparing the differences between domestic and foreign messengers. In this research, the phenomenological approach and the ZMET method have been used to extract the users' mind maps from internal and external messengers, and in this regard, 15 students in the city of Tehran have been interviewed by ZMET. The research findings were in the three axes of the mental map of internal messengers, the mental map of external messengers and the comparison between these two maps. The two consensus maps were structurally compared and analyzed. The number of extracted structures of Iranian messengers was more than foreign messengers, which shows the concern of users towards Iranian messengers. Most of these structures had a negative nature and by analyzing these structures, it can be seen that part of the problems of Iranian media in their design and technical problems and the other part is rooted in management problems.
Amir Abdolreza Sepanjy; parham shoja
Abstract
Two factors of human resources and the creating of knowledge, has caused Iran to be among the countries producing animated movies, regardless of political and economic constraints; But after half a century since the production of the first animated movies in Iran, the prevailing view of this new technology ...
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Two factors of human resources and the creating of knowledge, has caused Iran to be among the countries producing animated movies, regardless of political and economic constraints; But after half a century since the production of the first animated movies in Iran, the prevailing view of this new technology is merely a hobby. The purpose of this study is to provide a structural model in 9 areas of decentralization, formalization, specialization, strategy, environmental conditions, technology, size, control and knowledge management for animation movie production companies. The method of the present research is qualitative and grounded theory. For this purpose, in order to collect information, the technique of in-depth interviews with professors, managers and experts in the field of animation movies was used. Finally, using the grounded theory method, 11 categories of structural focus, collective thinking, lack of rules, 5-step production process, ability assessment Income management, content affected by political, economic and cultural conditions, hardware, ability quality, visual quality and knowledge management were found to affect the structural pattern of knowledge-based companies producing animated movies. As a result of this research, based on 11 categories discovered, structure design in 9 organizational departments as well as a 6-stage model in the production process (ordering, pre-production, distribution, production, post-production and distribution) considering knowledge management and training for Knowledge-based companies have produced animated movies.
Farzaneh Nezakati Rezapour; mostafa asadzadeh; hossein basirianJahromi; Faraj Hosseinian Serajelu; Seyed Ahmad Askari
Abstract
IGTV and its capabilities have affected the communication space of today's Iranian society, creating many challenges and issues in the media policy, especially IRIB. This study, explains the opportunities and threats of IGTV for IRIB and bring up the existing and desirable policies and strategies facing ...
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IGTV and its capabilities have affected the communication space of today's Iranian society, creating many challenges and issues in the media policy, especially IRIB. This study, explains the opportunities and threats of IGTV for IRIB and bring up the existing and desirable policies and strategies facing this new media service. For this purpose, with a qualitative approach and expert interview technique, 12 semi-structured interviews with communication science and media management professionals were conducted, and the data were coded, categorized and analyzed by Nvivo 10 software. IGTV opportunities for IRIB include two categories of practical opportunities (use of user-generated content, talent identification, audience engagement and polling) and ultimate opportunities (helping to govern well, balancing formal and customary culture, diversifying Iran's media sphere and produce better productions). The threats posed by IGTV to the IRIB included creating more challenges for the IRIB monopoly position, reducing the audience, and reducing revenue from the advertisements. According to experts, the two main ways exist for IRIB. First, the continuation of current policies (filtering and popularization of domestic platforms) and second, appropriate policies for the new era (convergent policies). They suggested having a professional presence in the social media space and becoming a multi-platform media, working on their strengths, using IGTV to interact more with the audience and attracting them and gaining their trust as strategies for IRIB.
peyman bagherpoor; hossein mousavi; sayed ali mohammad azarbakhsh
Abstract
AbstractThe integration and integration of traditional media and the developments and changes of new technologies and media have led to media convergence. Convergence has certainly been one of the most important, yet controversial, concepts in the media industry over the past two decades, so that some ...
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AbstractThe integration and integration of traditional media and the developments and changes of new technologies and media have led to media convergence. Convergence has certainly been one of the most important, yet controversial, concepts in the media industry over the past two decades, so that some theorists of the 21st century are already Convergence is referred to as the Second Industrial Revolution. Therefore, this phenomenon is an ongoing and evolving process that encompasses all areas of the media, including technology, industry, content and audiences. So, in this research, the question is what are the methods of convergence between audio and video and space in content production? The present study was a qualitative study. The research data were categorized through in-depth interviews with 12 experts, collected and after extraction and coding. Finally, in response to the main research question, strategies were presented, which are: 1- Training of media literacy of the audience 2- Changing media functions 3- Removing parasites 4- Different use of both media spaces 5- Interacting with the Audience 6- Changing Strategies 7- Changing Policies through Designing Media, Creating Media Policy, Creating Common Discourse, and Having Specialized Power 8- Enjoying Rich Archives, Social Trust, and Advantage Organizational IoT 9- Convertability and content processing 10- Benefit of image and audio benefits 11- Use of people-generated content 12- Use high diffusion rate in our space Azzi 13. Mvj of use.
