نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روان شناسی تربیتی دانشگاه پیام نور، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری تکنولوژی آموزشی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به دنبال پیشرفت‌های علمی سال‌های اخیر، شبکه‌ها و رسانه‌های اجتماعی متعددی همچون شبکه پیام‌رسان واتس‍اَپ جهت تسهیل و برقراری تعاملات پا به عرضه ظهور گذاشتند که بنا به شواهد پژوهشی سوءاستفاده مستمر از آن‌ها می‌تواند آسیب‌ها و ضررهای جبران‌ناپذیری در پی داشته باشند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، تعیین شاخص‌های روان‌سنجی پرسشنامه پیامدهای منفی استفاده از شبکه پیام‌رسان واتس‍اَپ است. کلیه دانشجویان دختر و پسر دانشگاه پیام نور اهواز جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر را تشکیل داده‌اند که از بین آن‌ها 258 نفر (186 دختر و 72 پسر) به‌صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق توصیفی– اکتشافی است و داده‌ها با کمک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته به دست آمد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل آن‌ها، از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی استفاده به عمل آمد. تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که پرسشنامه پیامدهای منفی استفاده از شبکه پیام‌رسان واتس‍اَپ، از 30 ماده و سه مؤلفه به نام آسیب‌های بدنی با 12 ماده؛ کنترل‌شدگی با 10 ماده و مؤلفه استفاده وسواسی با 8 ماده تشکیل‌شده و از پایایی و روایی کاملاً رضایت‌بخش برخوردار بود. با توجه به اینکه پرسشنامه تحقیق حاضر از نوع خود جدید است لذا به پژوهشگران علاقه‌مند به بحث پیامدهای منفی استفاده از شبکه پیام‌رسان واتس‍اَپ، پیشنهاد می‌شود از این ابزار استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Creating and validating the negative consequences questionnaire of using WhatsApp Messenger Network

نویسندگان [English]

  • karim sevari 1
  • maryam falahi 2

1 Department of Educational Psychology. Payame Noor University. Iran

2 Phd Student, Instructional Technology, Allameh Tabataba'i University.

چکیده [English]

Following the scientific advances of recent years, numerous social media and networks such as WhatsApp messaging network have emerged to facilitate and facilitate foot-to-face interactions, which can be irreparably harmed by ongoing research into their use. The purpose of the present study was to construct and validate the negative outcomes questionnaire of WhatsApp Messaging Network. All the male and female students of Payam Noor University of Ahwaz were the statistical population of this study. The research method is descriptive-exploratory and the data were obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze them. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the Whatsapp Messaging Network negative consequences questionnaire consisted of 30 items and three components namely bodily injury with 12 items; control with 10 items and obsessive-compulsive use with 8 items consisting of complete reliability and validity. It was satisfying. As this research questionnaire is new in its kind, so researchers interested in discussing the negative consequences of using WhatsApp messaging network, it is suggested to use this tool.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Physical injury
  • controlled
  • obsessive-compulsive use
  • WhatsApp Messenger Network
Aharony, Noa, and Gazit, Tali. (2016). The importance of the WhatsApp family group: an exploratory analysis. Aslib Journal of Information Management.
Animasahun, Ria. (2015). The effects of social media on the academic performance of Nigerian youths. The Counsellor. 34(2);73-87.
Areepattamannil, Shaljan, and Khine Myint Swe. (2017). Early adolescents’ use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for social communication in 20 countries: Examining the roles of ICT-related behavioral and motivational characteristics. Computers in Human Behavior 73: 263-272.
Asemah, E. S., and Edegoh, L. O. N. (2012). Social media and insecurity in Nigeria: a critical appraisal. In Being a paper presented at the 15th National Conference of African Council for Communication Education, which took place at the conference Hall of Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Baker, Charlene K., and Carreno, Patricia K. (2016). Understanding the role of technology in adolescent dating and dating violence. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(1): 308-320.
Bernal-Ruiz, Cristina, Rosa-Alcazar, angel & Gonzalez-Calatayud, Victor. (2019). Development and validation of the WhatsApp Negative Impact scale. Anales de psicología / Annals of psychology. 35(20:25-42.
Bhatt, Ms Anshu, and Arshad, Mohd. (2016). Impact of WhatsApp on youth: A sociological study. Social Sciences 4(02): 46-72.
Caplan, Scott E. (2010). Theory and measurement of generalized problematic Internet use: A two-step approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5): 1089-1097.
Caro, Lucia. (2015). WhatsApp y la búsqueda de control de la situación infor-macional por parte de los jóvenes WhatsApp and the search for con-trol in the informational situation by young people. SpheraPublica, 15:76-96.
Church, Karen, and De Oliveira, Rodrigo. (2013). What's up with WhatsApp? Comparing mobile instant messaging behaviors with traditional SMS. In Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services, 352-361.
Coyle, Cheryl L., and Vaughn, Heather. (2008). Social networking: Communication revolution or evolution?. Bell Labs technical journal, 13(2): 13-17.
Crosswhite, Jennifer M., Rice, Denise, and Asay, Sylvia M. (2014). Texting among United States young adults: An exploratory study on texting and its use within families.The Social Science Journal, 51(1): 70-78.
Faye, Abhijeet D., Sushil Gawande, Rahul Tadke, Vivek C. Kirpekar, and Sudhir H. Bhave. (2016). WhatsApp addiction and borderline personality disorder: A new therapeutic challenge. Indian journal of psychiatry, 58(2): 235.
Galluch, Pamela S., Grover, Varun, and Thatcher, Jason Bennett. (2015). Interrupting the workplace: Examining stressors in an information technology context. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 16(1): 2.
Goodman-Deane, Joy, Mieczakowski, Anna, Johnson, Daniel, Goldhaber, Tanya and Clarkson, P. John. (2016). The impact of communication technologies on life and relationship satisfaction. Computers in Human Behavior, 57: 219-229.
Grover, Karan, Keith Pecor, Michael Malkowski, Lilia Kang, Sasha Machado, Roshni Lulla, David Heisey, and Xue Ming. (2016). Effects of instant messaging on school performance in adolescents. Journal of child neurology, 31(7): 850-857.
Jacobson, Cara, Bailin, Alexandra, Milanaik, Ruth, and Adesman, Andrew. (2016). Adolescent health implications of new age technology. Pediatric Clinics, 63(1): 183-194.
Kim, Hyewon, Le, MiYoung and Kim, Minjeong. (2014). Effects of mobile instant messaging on collaborative learning processes and outcomes: The case of South Korea. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17(2): 31-42.
Lasen, Amparo. (2014). Mobile Sentimental Education: Attachment, Recognition, and Modulation of Intimacy. The Routledge companion to mobile media, 396-405.
Lin, Si. (2012). Instant messaging on interpersonal relationship: How it brings intimacy and negative feelings. Unpublished master's thesis). The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Lopez-Fernandez, Olatz. (2017). Short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale adapted to Spanish and French: Towards a cross-cultural research in problematic mobile phone use. Addictive behaviors, 64: 275-280
McDaniel, Brandon T., and Coyne, Sarah M. (2016). Technoference: The interference of technology in couple relationships and implications for women’s personal and relational well-being. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 5(1): 85.
Melchers, Martin, Li, Chen, Mei, Yafei, Zhang, Wanqi, and Montag, Christian. (2015). Low empathy is associated with problematic use of the Internet: Empirical evidence from China and Germany. Asian journal of psychiatry, 17: 56-60.
Mesch, Gustavo S, Talmud, Ilan, and Quan-Haase, Anabel. (2012). Instant messaging social networks: Individual, relational, and cultural characteristicsJournal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29(6): 736-759.
Montag, Christian, Konrad Błaszkiewicz, Rayna Sariyska, Bernd Lachmann, Ionut Andone, Boris Trendafilov, Mark Eibes, and Alexander Markowetz. (2015). Smartphone usage in the 21st century: who is active on WhatsApp?. BMC research notes, 8(1): 331-145.
Odaci, Hatice, And cikrikci, Özkan. (2014). Problematic internet use in terms of gender, attachment styles and subjective well-being in university studentsComputers in Human Behavior, 32: 61-66.
Rungta, Shravan. (2015). WhatsApp usage differences amongst genders: An exploratory study. Indian Journal of Marketing, 45(5): 27-37.
Schwartz, Joseph. (2016). The most popular messaging app in every country. Digital Vision. Retrieved from https://www.similarweb.com/blog/worldwide-messaging-apps.
Spada, Marcantonio M. (2014). An overview of problematic Internet useAddictive behaviors, 39(1): 3-6.
Statista, celin. (2017). Number of monthly active WhatsApp users as of 2013-2017. Re-trieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/260819/number-of-monthly-active-whatsapp-users.
Takao, Motoharu. (2014). Problematic mobile phone use and big-five personality domainsIndian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 39(2): 111.
Wang, L., Fan, C, Tao, T, and Gao, W. (2017). Age and gender differences in selfcontrol and its intergenerational transmission. Child: care, health and development, 43(2): 274-280.
Wang, Wei, Ngai, Eric WT, and Wei, Haiying. (2012). Explaining instant messaging continuance intention: the role of personality. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 28(8): 500-510.