نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران

چکیده

سرمایه اجتماعی توسط بانک جهانی به عنوان هنجارهای اجتماعی نهفته در ساختارهای اجتماعی تعریف شده است که نقش ‏هماهنگی اقدامات افراد برای نیل به اهداف را بر عهده دارد. با افزایش ارتباطات الکترونیکی، بستر سرمایه اجتماعی تغییر نموده و ‏دغدغه پژوهشگران را به سمت سرمایه اجتماعی آنلاین پیش برده است. هدف این مقاله واکاوی نظرات مخالف و موافق ‏صاحبنظران در ارتباط با ظهور این متغیر می‌باشد. با توجه به ماهیت مروری مقاله، تعداد 138 مقاله معتبر بین‌المللی مورد بررسی ‏اولیه قرار گرفت که با توجه به نامناسب بودن عنوان، چکیده و محتوای 78 مقاله، تعداد ‏‎60‎‏ مورد برای بررسی نهایی در نظر گرفته ‏شد. مرور این موارد به بررسی مطالعات صورت گرفته در حوزه سرمایه اجتماعی آنلاین و نتایج حاصل از دیدگاه صاحبنظران می-‏پردازد. ‏
نتایج نشان می‌دهد اگرچه سرمایه اجتماعی آنلاین تا حد زیادی توسط پژوهشگران مورد تایید قرار گرفته است، اما آراء مخالف در ‏این ارتباط نشان می‌دهند بهره‌گیری از سرمایه اجتماعی آنلاین در وضعیت مطلوب نیازمند تقویت مهارتهای ارتباطات الکترونیکی، ‏توسعه پلتفرم‌های مختلف و چگونگی استفاده صحیح از انها می‌باشد. در واقع هنوز بین صاحبنظران، توافق جمعی در ارتباط با ‏وضعیت سرمایه اجتماعی در شبکه‌های اجتماعی آنلاین وجود ندارد و پژوهش‌های بیشتری مورد نیاز است تا وضعیت این مفهوم نو ‏پا را با وضوح بیشتری مورد شناسایی قرار دهد. این مطالعه بعنوان روزنه‌ای برای شروع مطالعات منسجم وضعیت سرمایه اجتماعی ‏در شبکه‌های اجتماعی و ارتباطات الکترونیکی، اهمیت و ضرورت پژوهش‌‌های کیفی و کمی مختلف در این ارتباط را رهنمون می-‏شود.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Online social capital in the world of information and ‎communication technology;‏ Examining and analysing opposing and agreeing points ‎of view

نویسنده [English]

  • fateme taheri

Assistant Professor, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran,Tehran

چکیده [English]

Social capital is defined by the World Bank as social norms hidden in social structures, which has the role ‎of coordinating people's actions to achieve goals. With the increase of electronic communication, the ‎platform of social capital has changed and the concern of researchers has moved towards online social ‎capital. The purpose of this article is to analyze the opinions of experts against and in favor of the ‎emergence of this variable. Due to the review nature of the article, 138 internationally articles were ‎reviewed, and due to the inappropriateness of the title, abstract, and content of 78 articles, 60 were ‎considered for final review. The review of these cases examines the studies conducted in the field of ‎online social capital and the results from the experts' point of view. The results show that although online ‎social capital has been approved by researchers to a large extent, the opposing opinions in this regard ‎show that the use of online social capital in a favorable situation requires strengthening of electronic ‎communication skills, platform development. Different types and how to use them correctly. So there is ‎still no collective agreement among experts regarding the status of social capital in online social networks, ‎and more research is needed to identify the status of this nascent concept more clearly. This study, as an ‎opening to start coherent studies of the state of social capital in social networks and electronic ‎communications, guides the importance and necessity of different qualitative and quantitative researches ‎in this connection.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Online social capital
  • online social networks
  • social capital
  • virtual communities
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