نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، مطالعات ارتباطات، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روابط عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران،ایران

چکیده

ادغام هوش‌مصنوعی در روزنامه‌نگاری، به‌طور فزاینده‌ای به بخشی از ساختار بسیاری از خبرگزاری‌ها و رسانه های خبری تبدیل شده است. اهمیت رو به رشد آن، گواهی بر پیشرفت فناوری و شاخصی از تغییر نیازها و پویایی مصرف اخبار در عصر دیجیتال است. این مهم در سال‌های اخیر، نگرش‌ها را نسبت به توسعه هوش‌مصنوعی در اتاق‌های خبر و به‌ویژه چرخه تولید، توزیع و مصرف اخبار تغییر داده است. مقاله حاضر ضمن بررسی «وضعیت موجود دانش، مهارت‌ و نگرش سردبیران، به انتظارات و چالش‌های کاربرد هوش‌مصنوعی و چشم‌انداز آن در قالب روزنامه‌نگاری مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی» در اتاق خبر خبرگزاری صداوسیما پرداخته است. در این پژوهش از نظریه «میدان» بوردیو استفاده شده است. روش این پژوهش مبتنی بر پیمایش و به شیوه نمونه‌گیری غیر احتمالی و در بازه زمانی اردیبهشت‌ماه 1402 انجام شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را 50 نفر از سردبیران خبرگزاری صداوسیما تشکیل می‌دهد. نتایج نشان داد؛ سردبیران «بهره‌وری بیشتر»، «کارآمدی روزنامه‌نگاران»، «دریافت سریع اخبار» و «کاهش هزینه از طریق خودکار سازی» را به ترتیب به‌عنوان 4 دلیل عمده پذیرش فناوری‌های هوش‌مصنوعی در اتاق خبر خبرگزاری صداوسیما بیان کردند. همچنین «مدیریت محتوا»، «تولید خودکار و کارآمدتر محتوا»، «شناسایی اخبار جعلی/ تشخیص جعل عمیق» و «تجزیه‌وتحلیل احساسات کاربران» را به‌عنوان چهار اولویتی که در اتاق خبر خبرگزاری انتظار دارند، هوش‌مصنوعی روزنامه‌نگاری تلویزیونی را مجدداً شکل دهد. همچنین «فقدان مهارت‌های مرتبط با هوش‌مصنوعی به همراه دشواری جذب و استخدام استعدادها»، «فقدان دانش، مهارت‌ها و درک در مورد پتانسیل هوش‌مصنوعی در سازمان خبری»، «فقدان استراتژی به‌ویژه در سطح مدیریت/ فقدان بینش مدیریتی استراتژیک»، «فقدان منابع مالی و/ یا فقدان تمایل به سرمایه‌گذاری در منابع موجود» و «مسائل ساختاری، ازجمله شکاف‌های فنی بین بخش‌ها» به‌عنوان 5 چالش مهم و موانع پذیرش فناوری‌های هوش‌مصنوعی در اتاق خبر خبرگزاری صداوسیما ارزیابی کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Journalism: Studying the Knowledge and Attitudes of Editors at IRIB News Agency

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad Nikmalaki 1
  • Hossein Ali Afkhami 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Communication Studies, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of public Relations, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Integration of artificial intelligence within journalism has become increasingly ingrained within the frameworks of many news agencies and media outlets. This growing relevance serves as evidence of technological advancements and symbolizes alterations in the needs and dynamics surrounding news consumption in the digital age. Over recent years, there has been a shift in attitudes towards the incorporation of artificial intelligence within newsrooms, most notably concerning the lifecycle of news production, distribution, and consumption. The present article delves into the knowledge, skills, and attitudes held by editors, scrutinizing the current state of affairs. The discourse further scrutinizes the expectations and challenges associated with the utilization of artificial intelligence, while additionally exploring its potential in the form of AI-based journalism within the newsroom of IRIB News Agency. For the purposes of this study, Bourdieu's field theory was employed. The research methodology is underpinned by a survey methodology, which utilizes non-probability sampling and was conducted during May 2023. The study's statistical population comprises 50 editors currently affiliated with IRIB News Agency. The results revealed that the editors identified increased productivity, enhanced efficiency of journalists, quicker reception of news, and reduced costs through automation as the primary reasons for implementing artificial intelligence technologies within the newsroom of IRIB News Agency, in that order of priority. Moreover, the AI revolution promises to reconfigure TV journalism, with content management, enhanced automation and efficiency in content generation, fake news detection/deep fake detection, and user sentiment analysis emerging as the primary priorities within the news agency's newsroom. Furthermore, the newsroom of IRIB News Agency faces five key challenges and barriers hindering the adoption of AI technologies, namely: Inadequate AI-related skills coupled with the difficulty in attracting and recruiting talent, Insufficient knowledge, skills, and understanding regarding the potential of AI within the news organization, Lack of strategy, particularly at the management level/absence of strategic vision, Financial constraints and/or reluctance to invest in existing resources, and Structural issues, encompassing technical discrepancies between departments.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Artificial Intelligence Journalism
  • Attitude
  • Expectations and Challenges
  • Field Theory
  • Editors and IRIB News Agency
هایدگر، مارتین و همکاران (1386)، فلسفه تکنولوژی، مترجم، شاپور اعتماد، تهران: نشر مرکز.
ویتاکر، جیسن (1399)، هوش‌مصنوعی و آینده روزنامه‌نگاری، مترجم، مینو میرزایی، تهران: انتشارات ثانیه.
میچم، کارل (1394)، فلسفه تکنولوژی، مترجمان، مصطفی تقوی و همکاران، تهران: انتشارات سروش.
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