نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشدمدیریت بازرگانی،دانشگاه قم،قم، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر مهاجرت کاربران ایرانی تلگرام به واتس‌آپ به‌جای مهاجرت به پیام‌رسان‌های داخلی پس از فیلتر تلگرام و ارائه مدل با استفاده از مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری، می‌باشد. این پژوهش ازنظر هدف کاربردی، ماهیت اکتشافی و به‌صورت موردپژوهی انجام شده است. روش نمونه‌گیری برای جامعه اول، در دسترس و برای جامعه دوم، غیرتصادفی هدفمند می‌باشد. ابتدا به‌مرور ادبیات و مصاحبه عمیق با 28 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه قم که کاربر پیام‌رسان‌های اجتماعی می‌باشند و بعد از فیلتر تلگرام از تلگرام به واتس‌آپ مهاجرت نمودند به‌صورت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته پرداخته شد که به‌علت رسیدن به اشباع نظری تعداد نمونه 14 نفر می‌باشد. برای تحلیل عوامل، از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شد. سپس با استفاده از مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری به شناسایی ارتباط میان این عوامل توسط 15 نفر از خبرگان پرداخته شد. این عوامل در 5 سطح قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد، سه عامل عدم نیاز واتس‌آپ به فیلترشکن، قابلیت تماس صوتی و تصویری و سازگاری واتس‌آپ با همه دستگاه‌های تلفن همراه و عدم نصب پیام‌رسان داخلی بر روی موبایل‌های دارای سیستم IOS در سطح پنجم، به‌عنوان تأثیرگذارترین عوامل و عوامل عادت کردن به استفاده از پیام‌رسان‌های خارجی، حضور مخاطبین من در واتس‌آپ (فراگیری)، عدم حضور مخاطبین من در پیام‌رسان‌های داخلی (عدم فراگیری)، تشکیل یا انتقال گروه‌ها به واتس‌آپ و ارسال و دریافت فایل از طریق واتس‌آپ بنا به درخواست دیگران، فشار و پیشنهاد دیگران برای مهاجرت به واتس‌آپ، تبلیغ دهان‌به‌دهان منفی در مورد پیام‌رسان‌های داخلی و احساس عدم امنیت در پیام‌رسان‌های داخلی به‌علت رمزنگاری نشدن و هک شدن آن‌ها در سطح اول، تأثیرپذیرترین عوامل می‌باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Factors affecting migration of Iranian messenger users of Telegram to WhatsApp instead of domestic messengers after the Telegram filtering
نویسندگان [English]
- Marzieh Rahimi 1
- Mahdi Mohammadi nasab 2
1 Master of of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the migration of Iranian messenger users of Telegram to WhatsApp instead of domestic messengers after the Telegram filtering. This research is explorative applied research. For analyzing factors, the thematic analysis method was used. Then, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the relationship between these factors was identified by 15 experts. These factors were classified into 5 levels. The results show that three factors: WhatsApp doesn’t need a VPN, voice and video call capability, and WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices, are the most influential factors; and factors like a habit to use foreign messengers, presence of contacts on WhatsApp (popularity), absence of contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity), forming or migrating groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others, pressure of others to migrate to WhatsApp, negative WOM about domestic messengers and feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers are the most impressive factors.
Keywords: Virtual social network, Social messenger, Domestic messenger, Interpretive structural modeling, WhatsApp, Telegram.
Main Question:
What are the factors affecting the migration of Iranian Telegram users to WhatsApp instead of migration to domestic messengers after filtering Telegram?
Literature review:
- Consumer behavior
- Behavioral intention
- Virtual social networks and social messengers
- Disadvantages and damages of foreign messengers
Research Methodology
Start
Research Overview
Leveling factors
Identifying the affecting factors of the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering
Identifying the most important factors
Thematic Analysis
Screening
With expert’s views
Designing Questionnaire based on interpretive structural modeling standard
Interview
Technique ISM
Determining conceptual relationships between factors
Fig. 1. Research steps.
Findings:
Table 2: The most important factors affecting the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering.
No
Factors
Source
1
Adequate and prior knowledge of WhatsApp
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
2
Lack of sufficient knowledge of domestic messengers
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
3
Getting used to using foreign messengers
Interview
4
WhatsApp antiquity and credit
Interview
5
Presence of my contacts on WhatsApp(popularity)
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017), Rabiee and Kermani (2015), Karimian et al. (2017)
6
Absence of my contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity)
Interview
7
WhatsApp is international
Interview
8
Absence of my contacts in Telegram due to VPN problems
Interview
9
Forming or transferring groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others
Interview
10
Pressure and suggestion of others to migrate to WhatsApp
Interview, Kazemi et al. (2015), Razeghi et al. (2017)
11
Advertise negative word of mouth about domestic messengers
Interview
12
Easy and permanent access, ease of use, and high-speed WhatsApp
Interview, Torino et al. (2016), Kim et al. (2019), Chang et al. (2015), Garcia Martin and Garcia Sanchez (2015), Singh et al. (2015), Kermani and Mozaffari (2018), Zamani and Taghipour (2017), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Hakim Ara et al. (2014), Akbari et al. (2014), Karimian et al. (2017), Rezaei et al. (2016), Heidari et al. (2016), Jafari et al. (2016), Ebrahimi and Ein Ali (2019), Forghani and Mohajeri (2018), Afshani et al. (2018)
13
Hardship use, low speed and delay, and bugs and technical defects in domestic messengers
Interview
14
Difficult access, being time-consuming, low speed, costly, and Telegram inefficiency due to the use of VPN and its frequent disconnection and connection
Interview
15
High security of WhatsApp
Interview
16
Feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers due to their non-encryption and hacking
Interview
17
Lack of trust in domestic messengers
Interview, Farzaneh and Falahati Shahab al-Dini (2015), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Heidari et al. (2016)
18
WhatsApp does not need a VPN
Interview
19
I can do all of my work with WhatsApp
Interview, Forghani and Mohajeri (2017)
20
Attractiveness (due to having a story option) and WhatsApp is beautiful and user-friendly
Interview, Singh et al. (2015), Rezaei et al. (2016)
21
The capability of voice and video call on WhatsApp
Interview
22
WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices and no installation of domestic messengers on mobile phones with the IOS system
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017)
23
Domestic messengers are not beautiful and lack of enjoyment in them
Interview
24
Some channels are not active in domestic messengers
Interview
25
Imitation in domestic messengers from foreign messengers and lack of innovation in domestic messengers
Interview
LEVEL 1
3
5
6
9
10
11
16
LEVEL 2
1
4
19
LEVEL 3
7
8
17
24
LEVEL 4
2
12
13
14
15
20
23
25
LEVEL 5
18
21
22
Fig. 2. ISM research model.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the migration of Iranian messenger users of Telegram to WhatsApp instead of domestic messengers after the Telegram filtering. This research is explorative applied research. For analyzing factors, the thematic analysis method was used. Then, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the relationship between these factors was identified by 15 experts. These factors were classified into 5 levels. The results show that three factors: WhatsApp doesn’t need a VPN, voice and video call capability, and WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices, are the most influential factors; and factors like a habit to use foreign messengers, presence of contacts on WhatsApp (popularity), absence of contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity), forming or migrating groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others, pressure of others to migrate to WhatsApp, negative WOM about domestic messengers and feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers are the most impressive factors.
Keywords: Virtual social network, Social messenger, Domestic messenger, Interpretive structural modeling, WhatsApp, Telegram.
Main Question:
What are the factors affecting the migration of Iranian Telegram users to WhatsApp instead of migration to domestic messengers after filtering Telegram?
Literature review:
- Consumer behavior
- Behavioral intention
- Virtual social networks and social messengers
- Disadvantages and damages of foreign messengers
Research Methodology
Start
Research Overview
Leveling factors
Identifying the affecting factors of the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering
Identifying the most important factors
Thematic Analysis
Screening
With expert’s views
Designing Questionnaire based on interpretive structural modeling standard
Interview
Technique ISM
Determining conceptual relationships between factors
Fig. 1. Research steps.
Findings:
Table 2: The most important factors affecting the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering.
No
Factors
Source
1
Adequate and prior knowledge of WhatsApp
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
2
Lack of sufficient knowledge of domestic messengers
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
3
Getting used to using foreign messengers
Interview
4
WhatsApp antiquity and credit
Interview
5
Presence of my contacts on WhatsApp(popularity)
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017), Rabiee and Kermani (2015), Karimian et al. (2017)
6
Absence of my contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity)
Interview
7
WhatsApp is international
Interview
8
Absence of my contacts in Telegram due to VPN problems
Interview
9
Forming or transferring groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others
Interview
10
Pressure and suggestion of others to migrate to WhatsApp
Interview, Kazemi et al. (2015), Razeghi et al. (2017)
11
Advertise negative word of mouth about domestic messengers
Interview
12
Easy and permanent access, ease of use, and high-speed WhatsApp
Interview, Torino et al. (2016), Kim et al. (2019), Chang et al. (2015), Garcia Martin and Garcia Sanchez (2015), Singh et al. (2015), Kermani and Mozaffari (2018), Zamani and Taghipour (2017), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Hakim Ara et al. (2014), Akbari et al. (2014), Karimian et al. (2017), Rezaei et al. (2016), Heidari et al. (2016), Jafari et al. (2016), Ebrahimi and Ein Ali (2019), Forghani and Mohajeri (2018), Afshani et al. (2018)
13
Hardship use, low speed and delay, and bugs and technical defects in domestic messengers
Interview
14
Difficult access, being time-consuming, low speed, costly, and Telegram inefficiency due to the use of VPN and its frequent disconnection and connection
Interview
15
High security of WhatsApp
Interview
16
Feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers due to their non-encryption and hacking
Interview
17
Lack of trust in domestic messengers
Interview, Farzaneh and Falahati Shahab al-Dini (2015), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Heidari et al. (2016)
18
WhatsApp does not need a VPN
Interview
19
I can do all of my work with WhatsApp
Interview, Forghani and Mohajeri (2017)
20
Attractiveness (due to having a story option) and WhatsApp is beautiful and user-friendly
Interview, Singh et al. (2015), Rezaei et al. (2016)
21
The capability of voice and video call on WhatsApp
Interview
22
WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices and no installation of domestic messengers on mobile phones with the IOS system
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017)
23
Domestic messengers are not beautiful and lack of enjoyment in them
Interview
24
Some channels are not active in domestic messengers
Interview
25
Imitation in domestic messengers from foreign messengers and lack of innovation in domestic messengers
Interview
LEVEL 1
3
5
6
9
10
11
16
LEVEL 2
1
4
19
LEVEL 3
7
8
17
24
LEVEL 4
2
12
13
14
15
20
23
25
LEVEL 5
18
21
22
Fig. 2. ISM research model.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the migration of Iranian messenger users of Telegram to WhatsApp instead of domestic messengers after the Telegram filtering. This research is explorative applied research. For analyzing factors, the thematic analysis method was used. Then, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the relationship between these factors was identified by 15 experts. These factors were classified into 5 levels. The results show that three factors: WhatsApp doesn’t need a VPN, voice and video call capability, and WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices, are the most influential factors; and factors like a habit to use foreign messengers, presence of contacts on WhatsApp (popularity), absence of contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity), forming or migrating groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others, pressure of others to migrate to WhatsApp, negative WOM about domestic messengers and feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers are the most impressive factors.
Keywords: Virtual social network, Social messenger, Domestic messenger, Interpretive structural modeling, WhatsApp, Telegram.
Main Question:
What are the factors affecting the migration of Iranian Telegram users to WhatsApp instead of migration to domestic messengers after filtering Telegram?
Literature review:
- Consumer behavior
- Behavioral intention
- Virtual social networks and social messengers
- Disadvantages and damages of foreign messengers
Research Methodology
Start
Research Overview
Leveling factors
Identifying the affecting factors of the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering
Identifying the most important factors
Thematic Analysis
Screening
With expert’s views
Designing Questionnaire based on interpretive structural modeling standard
Interview
Technique ISM
Determining conceptual relationships between factors
Fig. 1. Research steps.
Findings:
Table 2: The most important factors affecting the migration of Iranian users from Telegram to WhatsApp after the Telegram filtering.
No
Factors
Source
1
Adequate and prior knowledge of WhatsApp
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
2
Lack of sufficient knowledge of domestic messengers
Interview, Akbari and Malekian (2016)
3
Getting used to using foreign messengers
Interview
4
WhatsApp antiquity and credit
Interview
5
Presence of my contacts on WhatsApp(popularity)
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017), Rabiee and Kermani (2015), Karimian et al. (2017)
6
Absence of my contacts in domestic messengers (non-popularity)
Interview
7
WhatsApp is international
Interview
8
Absence of my contacts in Telegram due to VPN problems
Interview
9
Forming or transferring groups to WhatsApp and sending files through WhatsApp at the request of others
Interview
10
Pressure and suggestion of others to migrate to WhatsApp
Interview, Kazemi et al. (2015), Razeghi et al. (2017)
11
Advertise negative word of mouth about domestic messengers
Interview
12
Easy and permanent access, ease of use, and high-speed WhatsApp
Interview, Torino et al. (2016), Kim et al. (2019), Chang et al. (2015), Garcia Martin and Garcia Sanchez (2015), Singh et al. (2015), Kermani and Mozaffari (2018), Zamani and Taghipour (2017), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Hakim Ara et al. (2014), Akbari et al. (2014), Karimian et al. (2017), Rezaei et al. (2016), Heidari et al. (2016), Jafari et al. (2016), Ebrahimi and Ein Ali (2019), Forghani and Mohajeri (2018), Afshani et al. (2018)
13
Hardship use, low speed and delay, and bugs and technical defects in domestic messengers
Interview
14
Difficult access, being time-consuming, low speed, costly, and Telegram inefficiency due to the use of VPN and its frequent disconnection and connection
Interview
15
High security of WhatsApp
Interview
16
Feeling of insecurity in domestic messengers due to their non-encryption and hacking
Interview
17
Lack of trust in domestic messengers
Interview, Farzaneh and Falahati Shahab al-Dini (2015), Akbari and Malekian (2016), Heidari et al. (2016)
18
WhatsApp does not need a VPN
Interview
19
I can do all of my work with WhatsApp
Interview, Forghani and Mohajeri (2017)
20
Attractiveness (due to having a story option) and WhatsApp is beautiful and user-friendly
Interview, Singh et al. (2015), Rezaei et al. (2016)
21
The capability of voice and video call on WhatsApp
Interview
22
WhatsApp compatibility with all mobile devices and no installation of domestic messengers on mobile phones with the IOS system
Interview, Zhang et al. (2017)
23
Domestic messengers are not beautiful and lack of enjoyment in them
Interview
24
Some channels are not active in domestic messengers
Interview
25
Imitation in domestic messengers from foreign messengers and lack of innovation in domestic messengers
Interview
LEVEL 1
3
5
6
9
10
11
16
LEVEL 2
1
4
19
LEVEL 3
7
8
17
24
LEVEL 4
2
12
13
14
15
20
23
25
LEVEL 5
18
21
22
Fig. 2. ISM research model.
Fig. 3. Driving Power and Dependence Power matrix.
Fig. 3. Driving Power and Dependence Power matrix.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Virtual social network
- Social messenger
- Domestic messenger
- Interpretive structural modeling
- Telegram
)