نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری تخصصی علوم ارتباطات، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه علوم ارتباطات، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران
3 استاد تمام گروه علوم ارتباطات و رییس دانشکده ارتباطات دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران ایران
4 استاد تمام گروه علوم ارتباطات دانشکده ارتباطات دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران ایران
چکیده
توسعه فناوری‌های نوین، سلامت دیجیتال را به رویکردی مؤثر در بهبود ارتباطات و خدمات سلامت تبدیل کرده است. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی مؤلفه‌ها و عناصر سلامت دیجیتال در نظام جامع ارتباطات سلامت در ایران، با بهره‌گیری از نظریه اشاعه نوآوری «راجرز»، به تحلیل وضعیت موجود سلامت دیجیتال در کشور پرداخته است. روش تحقیق بر مبنای تحلیل SWOT و با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری نااحتمالی هدفمند از میان خبرگان حوزه سلامت و ارتباطات انجام شد.
یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که وجود سامانه‌های ملی سلامت، بهره‌گیری از هوش مصنوعی و استقبال شهروندان از خدمات آنلاین، از مهم‌ترین نقاط قوت سلامت دیجیتال در ایران به شمار می‌روند. در مقابل، نبود چارچوب قانونی جامع، عدم یکپارچگی سامانه‌ها و مقاومت ساختاری در برابر تغییرات فناورانه، از جمله موانع اصلی اشاعه نوآوری محسوب می‌شوند. همچنین فرصت‌هایی مانند توسعه اپلیکیشن‌های خودمراقبتی و گسترش رسانه‌های اجتماعی، در کنار تهدیدهایی همچون شکاف دیجیتال و مخاطرات امنیت سایبری، نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در موفقیت یا ناکامی این تحول دارند. بر اساس مراحل پنج‌گانه نظریه راجرز (دانش، ترغیب، تصمیم، اجرا، تثبیت)، نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد؛ سلامت دیجیتال در ایران هنوز در مراحل آغازین پذیرش قرار دارد. برای پیشبرد این تحول، تدوین سیاست‌های یکپارچه، توسعه زیرساخت‌های فناورانه و امنیتی، توسعه فرهنگ همکاری بین‌بخشی، اطلاع رسانی و آموزش هدفمند به مردم برای ارتقای سواد سلامت دیجیتال ضروری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Digital health in the comprehensive health communication system in Iran
نویسندگان [English]
- farzaneh koohi 1
- seyedali rahmanzadeh 2
- Ali Asghar Kia 3
- seyedreza naghibulsadat 4
1 Ph.D. in Communication Sciences, Department of Social Communication Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Social Communication Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran
3 Full Professor of the Department of Communication Sciences and Head of the Faculty of Communication, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
4 Full Professor of the Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Communication, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The development of new technologies has turned digital health into an effective approach to improving health communications and services. This study aims to identify the components and elements of digital health in the comprehensive health communications system in Iran, using Rogers's theory of diffusion of innovation, and analyzes the current state of digital health in the country. The research method was based on SWOT analysis and using purposeful non-probability sampling from experts in the field of health and communications.
The findings show that the existence of national health systems, the use of artificial intelligence, and citizens' acceptance of online services are among the most important strengths of digital health in Iran. On the other hand, the lack of a comprehensive legal framework, the lack of integration of systems, and structural resistance to technological changes are among the main obstacles to the diffusion of innovation. Also, opportunities such as the development of self-care applications and the expansion of social media, along with threats such as the digital divide and cybersecurity risks, play a decisive role in the success or failure of this transformation. Based on the five stages of Rogers' theory (knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, consolidation), the research results show that digital health in Iran is still in the early stages of acceptance. To advance this transformation, it is necessary to formulate integrated policies, develop technological and security infrastructures, develop a culture of interdisciplinary cooperation, and provide targeted information and education to the public to promote digital health literacy.
Introduction: Digital health in the field of health communications can improve the quality of health services and facilitate access to health information. Despite the progress made in recent years, digital health in Iran still faces challenges. In addition, digital health has not been fully examined from the perspective of a comprehensive health communications system, and there is insufficient understanding of its elements and components to improve interaction between patients, service providers, researchers, and policymakers. This lack of knowledge prevents the full exploitation of technological capacities in promoting community health and highlights the need for comprehensive research in this area.
Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the elements and components of digital health in the comprehensive health communication system in Iran. The findings of this study can help improve health communication, facilitate interaction between stakeholders, and move from the current situation to the desired situation.
In this regard, paying attention to the stages of acceptance and expansion of innovations in society, such as how people become familiar with technology, encourage its use, decide to accept it, and consolidate it in daily behaviors, can play an important role in analyzing and improving the acceptance of digital health.
Previous studies have shown that information and communication technology is very effective in health care and health education. International studies also emphasize that the development of social media and digital tools can improve access, participation, and quality of health services. However, the lack of complete infrastructure and heavy reliance on traditional processes are serious obstacles to the acceptance of digital health.
Methodology: This study was conducted using SWOT analysis and purposeful probability sampling of experts in the field of health and communication. And data analysis was done with SPSS software. The main research question is "What are the most important elements and components of digital health in a comprehensive health communication system?" In this study, the gap technique was used to assess the gap between the current situation and the desired situation, which provides the type of strategies needed to achieve the desired situation. The statistical population of this study includes experts in the field of communication and health experts with scientific and executive backgrounds in the field of communication and media and the health system.
Discussion and Results: The results showed that the most important strengths include the existence of national digital health systems, the use of artificial intelligence, the growing acceptance of citizens of online services and the production of digital educational content. Major weaknesses also include the lack of a comprehensive legal framework, the lack of integration of systems, structural resistance and weak communication infrastructure. Opportunities include the development of self-care applications and the use of social media, and threats include the digital divide and cybersecurity risks. Analysis based on Rogers's theory of diffusion of innovation shows that digital health in Iran is in the awareness and encouragement stage, and the transition to the decision, implementation, and consolidation stages requires integrated policymaking, infrastructure development, and promotion of digital health literacy.
Conclusion: Digital health in Iran has great potential, but full utilization of these capacities requires the removal of legal, managerial, and infrastructural barriers. The proposed strategies include developing a comprehensive legal framework, strengthening technological infrastructure and cybersecurity, promoting digital health literacy, and attracting active citizen participation. Implementing these strategies can improve interaction among stakeholders and achieve a sustainable and efficient digital health system in Iran.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Digital health
- comprehensive health communication system
- diffusion of innovation
- digital health literacy
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